Bulgarian Neurology
Published November 30, 2024 | Version v1
Journal article Open

Neurological complications in Burkitt lymphoma – clinical case

Authors/Creators

  • 1. ROR icon National Institute of Emergency Medicine "Pirogov"

Description

Involvement of the nervous system by malignant diseases is often observed, especially in patients with lymphoproliferative processes. The appearance of neurological symptoms in a patient with an underlying neoplastic process requires the exclusion of metastases in the nervous system. Burkitt's lymphoma belongs to the group of non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. The risk of involvement of the nervous system is high, and in a number of cases preventive intrathecal chemotherapy is carried out in the early stages after diagnosis. Unfortunately, conducting such prophylaxis does not give results in all patients, and can also cause neurological complications. In the present publication, we present a case of a 29-year-old patient who was recently diagnosed with Burkitt's lymphoma. Upon admission, the patient complained of visual and speech disorders, which were of a short-term nature. From the examination, a lumbar vertebral syndrome was objectified, which progressed acutely in the next days to the development of lower flaccid paraparesis. In the context of the underlying disease and assuming the courses of radiotherapy and chemotherapy undergone, a definitive diagnosis required the exclusion of a number of conditions and multispecialty collaboration.

Abstract (Bulgarian)

Ангажирането на нервната система от злокачествени заболявания се наблюдава често особено при пациентите с лимфопро лиферативни процеси. Появата на неврологична симп томатика при пациент с подлежащ неопластичен процес налага изключване на метастази в нервната система. Лимфомът на Бъркит принадлежи към групата на неходжкиновите лимфоми, рискът от ангажиране на нервната система е висок и в реди ца случаи се провежда превантивна интратекална химиотерапия още в ранните етапи след поставянето на диагнозата. Провеждането на подобна профилактика за съжаление не дава резултат при всички пациенти, а също така създава предпоставки за развитие на неврологични усложнения. В настоящата публикация представяме клиничен случай на пациент на 29 години, който наскоро бива диагностициран с лимфом на Бъркит. При постъпването пациентът е с оплаквания от зрителни и го- ворни нарушения, които са с краткотраен характер. От прегледа се обективизира допълнително лумбален вертебрален синдром, който прогресира остро в следващите дни до развитието на долна вяла парапареза. В контекста на основното заболяване и претърпените лечебни курсове с лъчетерапия и химиотерапевтици поставянето на окончателна диагноза наложи изключване на редица състояния и тясна колаборация между различни специалности.

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Additional details

Identifiers

ARK
ark:/53357/NEU.v25i2.167
URL
https://www.nevrologiabg.com/journal/index.php/neurology/article/view/167
ISSN
2815-2522

Dates

Issued
2024-11-30

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