Demining Research Community Seeded Field Multimodal Landmine Detection Dataset

Motivation & Field Design

The Demining Research Community’s seeded test field in Pawnee, Oklahoma, comprises 150 diverse explosive remnants of war (ERW) buried at systematically varied depths. Operated in partnership with the OSU Global Consortium for Explosive Hazard Mitigation, this site provides a well-characterized benchmark for the humanitarian mine-action community—enabling rigorous testing and comparison of remote-sensing methods and instruments for landmine and UXO detection.

Dataset Overview

From Baur et al. 2026
"The data collection for this study was the culmination of three field seasons between June 2023 and June 2024 organized by the Demining Research Community. Five universities (Columbia University, Binghamton University, Oklahoma State University, Rochester Institute of Technology, and University of Maryland), two commercial companies (SPH Engineering, and Aletair), and one non-profit (Demining Research Community) participated in the data collection to produce 34 unique datasets (with 42 sub-IDs) spanning all common geophysical modalities and landmine detection techniques. These sensor modalities include UAV-based RGB (6 datasets), multispectral (9), thermal infrared (5), long wave infrared (1), short wave infrared (1), and hyperspectral imagery (1); UAV-based LiDAR (2), magnetometry (7), and synthetic aperture radar (1); handheld electromagnetic induction-based metal detector (4) and handheld magnetometry-based metal detector (3), and cart and UAV-based ground penetrating radar (2). The specific sensors tested on the field include the DJI Mavic 3E wide angle RGB camera, Autel EVO II Dual RGB and TIR camera, Micasense RedEdge multispectral camera, Parrot Sequoia multispectral camera, Headwall Nano hyperspectral camera, Headwall SWIR M384 Pushbroom spectrometer, Tamarisk LWIR camera, Velodyne VLP16 LiDAR system, GeoSLAM Zeb Horizon LiDAR, Geometrics MagArrow II magnetometer, SENSYS MagDrone R1 magnetometer, MagNimbus magnetometer, Subsurface ML-3 ferrous metal detector, MineLab CTX 3030 all-metal detector, EM61-Lite EMI sensor, GSSI 400 MHz GPR, Radarteam Cobra GPR, and the OneSAR sensor. Figure 1 shows which modalities were tested on Site 1, 2, and 3. UAV flight heights range from 20cm for some of the magnetometry surveys to 20m for the hyperspectral survey. More information about the flight heights, platform, collection method, date collected, affiliation of members who conducted each survey, and other dataset metadata can be found in Table 1 (below). More details on the RGB, thermal, and multispectral data collection and processing can be found in Baur & Nitsche, 2024; more details on the handheld metal detectors can be found in Lekhak et al., 2024; and more details for the aerial magnetometry datasets can be found in Andriksons et al., 2024. Detailed preprocessing steps for the VNIR hyperspectral data from this collection, including reflectance retrieval and validation, are available in Lekhak et al., 2025b."

Data Catalog 

Metadata attributes for the geophysical detection datasets collected over the seeded fields. 

References 

The folllowing papers go into depth for different modalities in this data release.

1. Baur, J., Steinberg, G., Frucci, J., & Brinkley, A. (2023). An accessible seeded field for humanitarian mine action research. The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction, 27(3), 2.
2. Lekhak, S., Ientilucci, E. J., & Brinkley, A. W. (2024). Viability of substituting handheld metal detectors with an airborne metal detection system for landmine and unexploded ordnance detection. Remote Sensing, 16(24), 4732.
3. Lekhak, S., Ientilucci, E. J., Baur, J., & Ghosh, S. (2025). A UAV-based VNIR hyperspectral benchmark dataset for landmine and UXO detection. arXiv preprint arXiv:2510.02700. 
4. Baur, J., & Nitsche, F. O. (2025). A False-Positive-Centric Framework for Object Detection Disambiguation. Remote Sensing, 17(14), 2429.
5. Andriksons, M., Dobrovolskiy, A., & Owens, D. (2024). Comparative analysis of UXO detection using an atomic total-field and a fluxgate magnetometer at the Oklahoma State University testing range. SPH Engineering.

Usage & Citation
When using these datasets, please cite the foundational field design paper along with the associated paper in the link column:

Baur, J., Steinberg, G., Frucci, J., & Brinkley, A. (2023). An accessible seeded field for humanitarian mine action research. The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction, 27(3), 2.