Barriers to accessing health care services for ethnic minorities in land border areas of Vietnam

Vietnam is a country with more than 5,000 km of land border. The majority of 
the population living in the border areas are ethnic minorities and they live sparsely in villages 
far apart. In addition to the difficulties in life, ethnic minorities here also face many difficulties 
in accessing health care services. By using a general approach based on documents, including 
scientific journal articles, reports, books, and reports published in scientific conference 
proceedings, legal documents, and statistical reports of Vietnam and the world on public health 
and health care, the article shows that ethnic minorities living in the land border areas of 
Vietnam are facing barriers in accessing health care services such as: (1) Geographical and 
topographical barriers; (2) Economic barriers; (3) Barriers in facilities and human resources for 
primary health care; (4) Language and cultural barriers; (5) Policy barriers. The actions that 
Vietnam needs to continue to take to remove barriers, towards the goal of "Health and good 
life" to promote sustainable development in Vietnam in the current context have also been 
studied and clarified.