Research Project "The Influence of an Instrument's Dimensions, String Length-dependent Finger Spacing and Position on Muscle Activation and Perceived Effort in Viola Playing"

Summary of Research Project

Background: Although the great variability of viola dimensions and string length-dependent finger spacings are a common fact, no scientifically founded knowledge existed prior to this study on how these parameters factor into the still worrying incidence of medical complaints in violists in interdependency with the instrument’s position. Considering results for the violin based on our previous research, there remained a lack of scientifically based knowledge regarding ergonomic aspects for the viola for all age groups and proficiency levels. Due to the instrument’s distinct differences from the violin, it is for the first time that research with this specific focus was carried out. Aims: This project aimed to investigate how the instrument’s dimensions and string length-dependent finger spacing affect muscle activation and perceived effort in a player’s left hand and arm in conjunction with instrument position effects and individual strength and endurance of a player on these parameters. Methods: Quantitative intra-individual comparisons examined the individual limiting or benefitting factors of biomechanics and musculature (e.g. strength and local isometric endurance) in the upper left extremity, muscle activation and perceived effort when playing violas with different dimensions and string lengths in standardised positions.