In-Text Citation Patterns of Retracted Papers in Nature Index Journals

This dataset analyzes citations to 994 retracted articles published in Nature Index journals. It classifies how these citations are made, the context in which they appear, and how retracted articles continue to be referenced in scientific discourse.

The dataset includes the following information:

Type of citation: Indicates whether the citation is supportive, neutral, or critical.

Cited DOI & Citing DOI: Unique identifiers for the retracted article and the citing paper.

In-text citation section: Specifies where in the citing paper the citation appears (e.g., introduction, methods, discussion).

In-text citation statement: The direct citation statement referencing the retracted study in the citing paper.

Classification of citation statement: Categorization of how the retracted article is cited (e.g., supportive, neutral, critical).

Metadata of citing papers:

Title, publication year, authors, journal name, volume, issue, and publisher details.

Editorial notices (corrections, expressions of concern, or retraction statements).

Citation statistics:

Total citing publications: The number of papers citing the retracted article.

Total citation statements: The total number of individual references to the retracted article across different papers.

Supporting citations: Citations that endorse the retracted study.

Mentioning citations: Neutral references to the retracted study.

Contrasting citations: Citations that criticize or refute the retracted study.

This dataset provides a comprehensive resource for analyzing how retracted articles continue to receive citations in academic literature.

Date: March 2025