Published March 10, 2025 | Version Volume 4
Journal article Open

Non-existence of Singularities in BlackHoles

Authors/Creators

  • 1. ROR icon Forman Christian College

Description

The foreseeing of singularities within black holes creates a contradiction in modern physics. General relativity argues that at the center of black holes there is curvature and a divergence leading to an incompleteness of space-time. Yet, singularities, on the other hand, are said to not exist in reality due to quantum corrections and models of alternative gravity. In this paper, we provide a proof of singularities nonexistence in a thorough mathematical form based on geodesic completeness, modified Einstein equations, and singularities of quantum gravity.

Files

Non_Existence_Of_Singularities_In_BlackHoles.pdf

Files (247.3 kB)

Name Size
md5:f9d9f73082d5a0b2b22eec159e150d37
247.3 kB Preview Download

Additional details

Related works

Is new version of
Journal article: 10.5281/zenodo.14991129 (DOI)

Dates

Updated
2025-03-10
Updated Document
Copyrighted
2025-03-10
Copyrighted

References

  • S. W. Hawking and R. Penrose, "The Singularities of Gravitational Collapse and Cosmology," Proc. Roy. Soc. Lond. A314 (1970)
  • J. M. Bardeen, "Non-Singular General Realitivistic Gravitational Collapse," in Proceedings of GR5, Tbilisi (1968)
  • A. Ashtekar, T. Pawlowski, and P. Singh, "Quantum Nature of the Big Bang: Improved dynamics," Phys. Rev. D74 (2006).
  • S. D. Mathur, "The Fuzzball Proposal for Black Holes: An Elementary Review," Fortsch. Phys. 53, 793 (2005).
  • M. Reuter and F. Saueressig, "Quantum Gravity and the Functional Renormalization Group," Cambridge University Press (2019)
  • B. P. Abbott et al. (LIGO Scientific Collaboration and Virgo Collaboration), "Obser- vation of Gravitational Waves from a Binary Black Hole Merger," Phys. Rev. Lett. 116, 061102 (2016).
  • The Event Horizon Telescope Collaboration, "First M87 Event Horizon Telescope Results. I. The Shadow of the Supermassive Black Hole," Astrophys. J. Lett. 875 (2019).
  • D. Garfinkle, G. T. Horowitz, A. Strominger, "Charged black holes in string the- ory," Phys. Rev. D, 1991. Available: https://journals.aps.org/prd/abstract/ 10.1103/PhysRevD.43.3140.
  • A. Strominger, "Massless black holes and conifolds in string theory," Nucl. Phys. B, 1995. Available: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/ pii/0550321395002873.
  • E. Witten, "String theory and black holes," Phys. Rev. D, 1991. Available: https: //journals.aps.org/prd/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevD.44.314.
  • A. W. Peet, "TASI lectures on black holes in string theory," 2001. Available: https: //www.worldscientific.com/doi/abs/10.1142/9789812799630_0003.
  • E. Witten, "Singularities in string theory," 2002. Available: https://arxiv.org/ abs/hep-th/0212349.
  • K. Skenderis, "Black Holes in string theory," 2000. Available: https://arxiv.org/ abs/hep-th/9901050.
  • D. Klemm, "Black holes and singularities in string theory," 2004. Available: https: //arxiv.org/abs/hep-th/0410040.
  • J. R. David, "String theory and black holes," 1999. Available: https://arxiv.org/ abs/hep-th/9911003.
  • H. Wu, Z. Yan, S. Ying, "Revisiting Schwarzschild black hole singularity through string theory," 2024. Available: https://arxiv.org/abs/2402.05870.
  • R. A. Konoplya, A. Zhidenko, "Quasinormal modes of black holes: From astrophysics to string theory," 2011. Available: https://arxiv.org/abs/1102.4014.