MARINE POLLUTION : CAUSES, IMPACTS AND ITS CONTROL

Water play important role in the living system, for proper management of water is also necessary, otherwise it causes pollution. Nowadays, pollution is a serious problem in our surroundings. Various kinds of pollution are already available in the literature, but marine pollution is a serious concern among the all, because it covers approximately 70% of the globe. Its health, wellbeing of humanity and the living environment that sustains us all are inextricably linked. Oceanic acidification, climate change and quality of water are also affected by marine pollution. There are many causes of pollution, such as runoff picks up man made, harmful contaminants, large-scale oil spills, oceanic mining, plastic pollution, thermal pollution, noise pollution and radioactive dumping in the ocean. It causes many dangerous, hazardous effects on the aquatic life and in the human as well. Other effects such as disruption of cycle of coral reefs, depletes oxygen contents in water, eutrophication and effects on food chain. The control of marine pollution is done by many national and international bodies, such as the Global Programmed of Action (GPA) for the protection of the marine environment from land-based activities, MARPOL conventions of 1973 and the London convention 1973. We can reduce this by use of biotechnology, proper sewage treatment and by sustainable development goal.