Ecological and medicinal importance of Ehretia laevis Roxb. (Boraginaceae)

Ehretia laevis Roxb., is a lesser-known deciduous tree native to the Indian subcontinent. Despite its relatively low profile, this species possesses significant ecological and medicinal importance. The tree thrives in a variety of habitats, including dry deciduous forests and riparian zones, and plays a vital role in stabilizing soil and supporting biodiversity. Traditionally, various parts of E. laevis have been utilized in folk medicine to treat ailments such as fever, wounds, skin disorders, and gastrointestinal issues. Phytochemical studies reveal the presence of bioactive compounds such as flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids, and saponins, which contribute to its antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory properties. Despite its potential, the species remains underexplored and underutilized. This chapter highlights the morphology, traditional medicinal uses, bioactive compounds, and pharmacological activities of E. laevis.