Primordial Black Holes as Sources of Baryonic Matter via Hawking Radiation
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This paper proposes a mechanism for non-conventional nucleosynthesis mediated by primordial black holes (PBHs) via Hawking radiation. We demonstrate that PBHS with mass M10 kg emit quarks and gluons during evaporation, which hadronize into protons and neutrons, contributing to hydrogen formation in the universe. Using black hole thermodynamics, quantum field theory in curved spacetime, and quantum chromo-dynamics (QCD), we calculate the efficiency of mass-to-matter conversion and discuss cosmological implications. The model is consistent with the second law of thermody-namics and the holographic principle, though its observational contribution is limited by PBH constraints and thermal suppression
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2025-01-29
References
- Hawking, S. W. (1975). Particle Creation by Black Holes. Commun. Math. Phys
- Carr, B. J. et al (2016). Primordial black holes as dark matter. Rep. Prog. Phys.
- Page, D. N. (2005). Hawking radiation and black hole thermodynamics. New J. Phys.
- Ellis, J. et al. (2019). Physics beyond the Standard Model Phys. Rept.