GIS-based analysis of filling stations in Onitsha north and south local government areas in Anambra State, Nigeria

The rapid growth driven by urbanization has increased the demand for vehicles and machines, leading to more fuel usage and the establishment of additional filling stations. While filling stations are essential, they can also pose safety risks and have strict location guidelines.  This study utilizes Geographic Information System (GIS) tools to analyze the placement of fuel stations in Onitsha North and South local government areas, Anambra state. The objectives include gathering spatial and attribute data, creating a functional spatial database, and conducting spatial and attribute queries for locational analysis while ensuring compliance with petroleum safety regulations. The methodology involved acquiring primary and secondary data, importing georeferenced digital imagery into ArcGIS for road network digitization, and performing GIS analysis such as buffering operations and spatial queries. The results of the analysis showed a clustered pattern of filling stations, with 45% adhering to the 15-meter setback rule from roads and 55% not in compliance. Additionally, 13 filling stations complied with the 400-meter spacing rule, while 104 did not. 95% of the filling stations were less than 50 meters away from residential buildings. Many lacked essential safety equipment, with 82% missing fire extinguishers at each pump and 70% lacking sand buckets at each pump. In conclusion, the study recommends that regulatory bodies conduct frequent inspections of filling stations to ensure compliance with recommended safety measures and the installation of necessary equipment.