Miltochrista humilis Walker 1854
Authors/Creators
- 1. Altai State University, Lenina Avenue, 61, RF- 656049, Barnaul, Russia.
- 2. Department of Zoology & Environmental Sciences, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab
- 3. Tiergartenstrasse 27, A- 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
- 4. Zoological Survey of India, M-Block, New Alipore, Kolkata 700053, West Bengal, India.
Description
The Miltochrista humilis species-group
Diagnosis. The male genitalia of the species-group are characterised by the weakly sclerotised tegumen with narrow arms, the well-developed distal costal process separated from the valvula, the smooth and simple distal saccular process, and the phallus vesica bearing one or two blade- or thorn-shaped cornuti. In the female genitalia, the antrum is large and heavily sclerotised, the corpus bursae has a posterior section having a broad sclerotised plate and bearing clusters of robust spines posteriorly, and the anterior section of the corpus bursae is densely covered with minute spinules. The 7 th abdominal female sternite bears lateral sclerotised and gelatinous pockets that receive the distal processes of the male valva during copulation.
Note. The species-group is considered here in wide sense. The volume of this taxonomically difficult complex remains unclear and will be clarified later in the separate paper. Currently we can assign with the group the taxa listed below.
Species content of the M. humilis species-group in alphabetical order
(Species occurring in India are marked with an asterisk)
– M. acteola (Swinhoe, 1903) (TL: [Thailand, Saraburi] Siam, Muok-Lek)
– M. acutiseriata (Holloway, 2001) (TL: Brunei, Pengkalan Batu Agr. Stn)
– M. apiseriata (Holloway, 2001) (TL: [Malaysia] Sarawak, Gunong Mulu Nat. Park, G. Api)
– M. artocarpi Moore, 1878 * (TL: India, Darjeeling)
– M. asphida Volynkin, Černý, S. -Y. Huang & Saldaitis, 2023 (TL: S Laos, 27 km ENE of Pakse, near Tad Fane waterfall)
– M. aureata (Rothschild, 1913) * (TL: India, Khasi Hills)
– M. banlanga Volynkin & Černý, 2023 (TL: SW Thailand, Chumphon Prov., Pa Toh, Ban Lang Tang)
– M. biseriata (Hampson, 1900) (TL: [Malaysia] Borneo, Sandakan)
– M. butleri (Leech, [1889]), stat. rev. (TL: Japan, Nagasaki)
– M. cataplictica Volynkin, Černý, S. -Y. Huang & Saldaitis, 2023 (TL: S Laos, 27 km ENE of Pakse, near Tad Fane waterfall)
– M. cingula (Černý, 2009) (described in Černý & Pinratana 2009) (TL: SE Thailand, Chanthaburi, Bar Ta Moon)
– M. conthytera Volynkin, Černý, S. -Y. Huang & Saldaitis, 2023 (TL: China, Sichuan, Qingchenghoushan Mts.)
– M. creatina creatina (Snellen, 1879) (TL: [Indonesia, Sulawesi] Takalar, Mangkasar, Bonthain)
– M. creatina javanica (van Eecke, 1920) (TL: [Indonesia] Java, Batavia)
– M. dagmarae dagmarae (Černý, 2016) (TL: Laos, prov. Khammouane, Muang Khai)
– M. dagmarae anaptigmena Volynkin & Černý, 2022 (TL: SE Thailand, Ubon Ratchatani, border of Nam Yuem NP)
– M. dharma (Moore, 1879) * (TL: [India, Himachal Pradesh] Dharmsala, N.W. Himalaya)
= Asura lacteoflava lacteoflava Rothschild, 1913 (TL: [N India, Himachal Pradesh, Chamba District] “Dalhousie, N.W. India ”)
– M. diasticta Volynkin & Černý, 2022 * (TL: NE India, Assam, Nambor Reserve Forest, Garampani)
– M. discistriga (Moore, 1878) * (TL: India, Darjeeling)
– M. ehyrosta Volynkin, Černý, S. -Y. Huang & Saldaitis, 2023 (TL: N Vietnam, Vĩnh Phúc Prov., Tam Dao Range)
– M. eos (Hampson, 1900) (TL: [Indonesia] Java, Malang)
– M. ephimeces Volynkin, Černý, N. Singh, Kirti, Datta & S. Singh, sp. nov. * (TL: NE India, Assam)
– M. excaviseriata (Holloway, 2001) (TL: [Malaysia] Sarawak, Gunong Mulu Nat. Park)
– M. explanata Bucsek, 2020 (TL: Laos, Houaphanh Prov., Mt. Phu Pane)
– M. falcihumilis N. Singh & Kirti, 2016 * (described in Kirti & Singh 2016) (TL: India, Mizoram, Thingsul)
– M. falciseriata (Holloway, 2001) (TL: [Malaysia] Sabah, Poring)
– M. flavorosea Bucsek, 2020 (TL: Laos, Houaphanh Prov., Mt. Phu Pane)
– M. furcata (Reich, 1936) * (TL: India, Darjeeling, Terriai Sikkim)
– M. gopaldhara Volynkin, Černý, N. Singh, Kirti, Datta & S. Singh, sp. nov. * (TL: [India, West Bengal] Gopaldhara, Mirik)
– M. humilis Walker, 1854 (TL: Myanmar, Moulmein) = Lyclene semicirculata Heylaerts, 1891 (TL: [Indonesia] Java, Préanger)
– M. jaroslavae Černý, 2016 (TL: C Thailand, Phetchabun, border of Nam Nao NP) – M. carcharias Volynkin, Černý, N. Singh, Kirti, Datta & S. Singh, sp. nov. * (TL: India, Sikkim, Pemayangtse) – M. khammouanea Bucsek, 2020 (TL: Laos, Khammouane Prov., Nakai env.) – M. kravchenkoi Volynkin, Saldaitis & Müller, 2022 * (described in Volynkin et al. 2022c) (TL: Myanmar, Chin State, Mount Victoria)
– M. lineidistincta (Bucsek, 2012) (TL: Malaysia, Pahang distr., Cameron Highlands) – M. mawphlang N. Singh, Kirti, Datta, S. Singh, Volynkin & Černý, sp. nov. * (India, Cherrapunji) – M. mediobliqua (Wu, Fu & Chang, 2013) (Taiwan, Hualien County, Cien) – M. neoseriata N. Singh & Kirti, 2016 * (described in Kirti & Singh 2016) (TL: India, Assam, Jatinga)
= Miltochrista pseudoseriata N. Singh, Kirti & Joshi, 2016, syn. nov. (described in Kirti & Singh 2016) (TL: India, Assam, Jatinga)
– M. nubilalis (Hampson, 1894) * (TL: India, Ganjam) – M. nuiba Volynkin, Černý, S. -Y. Huang & Saldaitis, 2023 (TL: S Vietnam, Lâm Đồng Prov., Tây Nguyên Highlands)
– M. orsova (Swinhoe, 1903) (TL: [Thailand, Saraburi] Siam, Muok-Lek) – M. pachia Volynkin, Saldaitis & Müller, 2022 (described in Volynkin et al. 2022c) (Myanmar, Chin State, Mount Victoria)
– M. parallelina Hampson, 1894 (TL: Myanmar, East Pegu) – M. parallelinaformis Bucsek, 2020 (TL: Laos, Houaphanh Prov., Mt. Phu Pane) – M. paraseriata N. Singh & Kirti, 2016 * (TL: India, Sikkim, Aritar) – M. parvulus Bucsek, 2020 (TL: Laos, Khammouane Prov., Nakai env.) – M. phantasma (Hampson, 1907) * (TL: India, Andaman Islands) – M. phupana Volynkin & Černý, 2023 (TL: E Thailand, Sakhon Nakhon Prov., Phu Pan NP) – M. pingera (Bucsek, 2012) (TL: Malaysia, Pahang distr., Cameron Highlands) – M. postseriata (Holloway, 2001) (TL: [Malaysia] Sarawak: Gunong Mulu Nat. Park, G. Api)
= Lyclene jeremyhollowayi Bucsek, 2014 (TL: Malaysia, Perak, North Cameron Highlands) – M. primaria Volynkin, Černý, S. -Y. Huang & Saldaitis, 2023 (TL: N Vietnam, Mt. Fan-si-pan, N side) – M. qingchenga Volynkin, Černý, S. -Y. Huang & Saldaitis, 2023 (TL: China, Sichuan Prov., Mt. Qingchengshan) – M. ranonga Volynkin & Černý, 2023 (TL: SW Thailand, Ranong Prov., Ranong) – M. rolleri Bucsek, 2020 (Laos, Khammouane Prov., Nakai env.) – M. rosalia (Hampson, 1914) (replacement name for rosacea Rothschild)
= Miltochrista rosacea Rothschild, 1913 (TL: [Indonesia] West Java), nec Bremer, 1861
= Miltochrista javana Draudt, 1914, replacement name for rosacea Rothschild
– M. roseogrisea Rothschild, 1913 * (TL: [Myanmar] Lower Burma) – M. ruptifascia (Hampson, 1893) * (TL: [Sri Lanka] Ceylon) – M. simonka (Bucsek, 2014) (Malaysia, Pahang distr., Cameron Highlands) – M. sinica Moore, 1877 (described in Moore 1877b) (TL: China, Shanghai) – M. soloma Volynkin, Černý, S. -Y. Huang & Saldaitis, 2023 (TL: S Vietnam, Lâm Đồng Prov., Tây Nguyên Highlands)
– M. striata (Wileman, 1910) (TL: [Taiwan] Kanshirei) – M. strigatula (Rothschild, 1913) * (TL: India, Khasi Hills) – M. strigibasis (de Joannis, 1930) (TL: [N Vietnam] Cha pa) – M. swanni Volynkin, Černý, S. -Y. Huang & Saldaitis, 2023 (TL: [N Myanmar, Kachin State] Upper Burma:
Htawgaw) – M. taiwania Volynkin, 2024 (described in Volynkin 2024b) (TL: Taiwan Island, Ilan Co., Suyuan, near Pinan) – M. taragmena Volynkin & Huang, 2022 (TL: China, Yunnan, Lijiang) – M. tenuiprocessa Volynkin, Černý, S. -Y. Huang & Saldaitis, 2023 (TL: N Vietnam, Lào Cai Prov., Sa Pa District, near Sa Pa)
– M. terrarega N. Singh, Raha & Joshi, 2024 * (described in Singh et al. 2024a) (TL: India, Rajasthan)
– M. tsimphida Volynkin, Černý, S. -Y. Huang & Saldaitis, 2023* (TL: NE India, W Meghalaya, Garo Hills)
– M. tumida Volynkin, Černý, S. -Y. Huang & Saldaitis, 2023 (TL: N Vietnam, Mt. Fan-si-pan (North), Chapa)
– M. uncalis (Kirti & Gill, 2009) * (TL: India, Karnataka: Bhagamandala)
– M. velona Volynkin, Saldaitis & Müller, 2022 (described in Volynkin et al. 2022c) (TL: Myanmar, Chin State, Mount Victoria)
– M. venustusa (Bucsek, 2012) (Malaysia, Pahang distr., Cameron Highlands)
– M. wenchiyehi (Wu, Fu & Chang, 2013) (TL: Taiwan, Miaoli County, Guanwu)
– M. xanthopera xanthopera (Hampson, 1907) (TL: Singapore)
– M. xanthopera montana (Bucsek, 2014) (TL: Malaysia, Pahang distr., Cameron Highlands)
– M. yimingcheni (Wu, Fu & Chang, 2013) (TL: Taiwan, Chiayi County, Nanzixianxi)
Notes
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Linked records
Additional details
Identifiers
Biodiversity
- Scientific name authorship
- Walker
- Kingdom
- Animalia
- Phylum
- Arthropoda
- Order
- Lepidoptera
- Family
- Erebidae
- Genus
- Miltochrista
- Species
- humilis
- Taxon rank
- species
- Taxonomic concept label
- Miltochrista humilis Walker, 1854 sec. Volynkin, Singh, Černý, Kirti, Datta & Singh, 2025
References
- Swinhoe, C. (1903) New species of Eastern and African Lepidoptera. The Annals and magazine of natural history, (7) 11 (65), 499 - 511.
- Holloway, J. D. (2001) The Moths of Borneo, part 7. Family Arctiidae, subfamily Lithosiinae. Malayan Nature Journal, 55, 279 - 486.
- Moore, F. (1878) A revision of certain genera of European and Asiatic Lithosiidae, with characters of new genera and species. Proceedings of the general meetings for scientific business of the Zoological Society of London, 1878, 3 - 36.
- Rothschild, W. (1913) New Lithosianae. Novitates Zoologicae, 20 (1), 192 - 226.
- Hampson, G. F. (1900) Catalogue of the Lepidoptera Phalaenae in the collection of the British Museum. Vol. 2. Catalogue of the Arctiadae (Nolinae, Lithosiinae) in the collection of the British Museum. British Museum (Natural History), London, pp. vii - xx, 1 - 589, pls. 18 - 35.
- Cerny, K. & Pinratana, A. (2009) Moths of Thailand. Vol. 6. Arctiidae. Brothers of Saint Gabriel in Thailand, Bangkok, 283 pp.
- Snellen, P. C. T. (1879) Lepidoptera van Celebes verzameld door Mr. M. C. Piepers, met aanteekeningen en beschrijving der nieuwe soorten. Tijdschrift voor Entomologie, 22, 61 - 126, pls. 6 - 10. [In Dutch]
- van Eecke, R. (1920) Studien over Indo-Australische Lepidoptera. IV. Bijdrage tot de kennis der Heterocera-fauna der Oost- Indische koloniёn. Zoologische mededeelingen, 5 (13), 112 - 138. [In Dutch]
- Cerny, K. (2016) A contribution to the knowledge of the Miltochrista-Lyclene genus group in South East Asia (Lepidoptera, Erebidae, Arctiinae, Lithosiini). Nachrichten des Entomologischen Vereins Apollo, N. F., 37 (2 / 3), 93 - 107.
- Moore, F. (1879) Description of new Genera and Species of Asiatic Lepidoptera Heterocera. Proceedings of the general meetings for scientific business of the Zoological Society of London, 1879, 387 - 417, pls. 32 - 34.
- Bucsek, K. (2020) Contribution to the knowledge of Lithosiini (Erebidae, Arctiinae) of central and northern Laos, part 2. Entomofauna carpathica, 32 (1), 67 - 94.
- Kirti, J. S. & Singh, N. (2016) Arctiid Moths of India. Vol. 2. Nature Books India, New Delhi, 214 pp.
- Reich, P. (1936) Neue Arctiidae. Entomologische Rundschau, 53, 418 - 424. [In German]
- Walker, F. (1854) List of the Specimens of Lepidopterous Insects in the Collection of the British Museum. Part 2. Lepidoptera Heterocera. The Trustees of the British Museum, London, pp. 279 - 581.
- Heylaerts, F. J. M. (1891) Heterocera exotica, nouveaux genre et especes des Indes Orientales Neerlandaises. Annales de la Societe entomologique de Belgique, 35, ccccix - ccccxvii, [409 - 417]. [In French]
- Volynkin, A. V., Saldaitis, A. & Muller, G. (2022 c) Five new species of the genus Miltochrista Hubner from Indochina, India and China (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae). Ecologica Montenegrina, 59, 10 - 23. https: // dx. doi. org / 10.37828 / em. 2022.59.2
- Bucsek, K. (2012) Erebidae, Arctiinae (Lithosiini, Arctiini) of Malaya Peninsula-Malaysia. Institute of Zoology SAS, Bratislava, 170 pp.
- Wu, S., Fu, C. - M., Chang, W. - C. & Shih, L. - C. (2013) Arctiinae. In: Fu, C. - M., Ronkay, L. & Lin, H. - H. (Eds.), Moths of Hehuanshan. Endemic Species Research Institute, Nantou, pp. 308 - 333.
- Hampson, G. F. (1894) The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma Fauna Br. India (Moths). Vol. 2. Taylor and Francis, London, pp. v-xxii, 1 - 609.
- Hampson, G. F. (1907) Descriptions of new genera and species of Syntomidae, Arctiadae, Agaristidae and Noctuidae. The Annals and magazine of natural history, (7) 19 (111), 221 - 257.
- Bucsek, K. (2014) Erebidae, Arctiinae (Lithosiini, Arctiini) of Malaya Peninsula-Malaysia (Supplementum). Institute of Zoology SAS, Bratislava, 45 pp.
- Hampson, G. F. (1914) Catalogue of the Amatidae and Arctiadae (Nolinae and Lithosianae) in the British Museum. Catalogue of the Lepidoptera Phalaenae in the British Museum, 1 (Supplement), 619.
- Bremer, O. (1861) Neue Lepidopteren aus Ost-Sibirien und dem Amur-Lande gesammelt von Radde und Maack. Bulletin de l'Academie Imperiale des Sciences de Saint-Petersbourg, 3, 461 - 496. [In German]
- Draudt, M. (1914) Arctiidae. - Tiger moths (Miltochrista to Stenosa). In: Seitz, A. (Ed.), Die Gross-Schmetterlinge der Erde. 10. Die Indo-Australischen Spinner und Schwarmer. Alfred Kernen, Stuttgart, pp. 135 - 223. [In German]
- Hampson, G. F. (1893) Illustrations of typical specimens of Lepidoptera Heterocera in the collection of the British Museum. Part 9. The Macrolepidoptera Heterocera of Ceylon. British Museum (Natural History), London, pp. 1 - 182, pls. 157 - 176
- Moore, F. (1877 b) New Species of Heterocerous Lepidoptera of the Tribe Bombyces, collected by Mr. W. B. Pryer chiefly in the District of Shanghai. The Annals and magazine of natural history, (4) 20 (116), 83 - 94.
- Wileman, A. E. (1910) New Lepidoptera-Heterocera from Formosa. The Entomologist, 43 (567), 220 - 223.
- de Joannis, J. (1930) Lepidopteres heteroceres du Tonkin. 3 e partie. Annales de la Societe entomologique de France, 99 (Supplement), 559 - 835. [In French]
- Volynkin, A. V. (2024 b) Miltochrista taiwania, a new species from Taiwan Island (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae: Lithosiini). Ecologica Montenegrina, 78, 65 - 71. https: // dx. doi. org / 10.37828 / em. 2024.78.7
- Volynkin, A. V. & Huang, S. - Y. (2022) On the taxonomy of the genus Miltochrista Hubner with descriptions of five new species from India and China and notes on the genus Arctelene Kirti & Gill (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae: Lithosiini). Ecologica Montenegrina, 58, 86 - 108. https: // dx. doi. org / 10.37828 / em. 2022.58.9
- Singh, N., Raha, A., Ahmad, J., Shah, S. K., Mishra, P. & Joshi, R. (2024 a) A new species and five new records of Erebidae (Lepidoptera) from India. Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity, 17, 562 - 572. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. japb. 2024.04.006
- Kirti, J. S. & Gill, N. S. (2009) Description of four new species of the genus Lyclene Moore (Lepidoptera: Arctiidae: Lithosiinae) from India. Acta zoologica cracoviensia, 52 B (1 - 2), 109 - 118. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.3409 / azc. 52 b _ 1 - 2.109 - 118