Weather- and climate-driven power supply and demand time series for European countries

This repository contains times series of wind power generation, solar power generation, hydropower inflow, heating demand, and cooling demand that use both historical and projected climate variables. Historical climate data are from the ERA5 reanalysis (1940-2023), while projected climate variables are from three climate models of the CMIP5 EURO-CORDEX (2006-2100) and three representative concentration pathways (RCP 2.6, RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5). The time series are at country level for the EU27 countries, Balkan countries, the United Kingdom, Norway, and Switzerland.

Each country has the following files for the historical period, where ** is the country’s ISO Alpha-2 code:

1)    **__ERA5__wind__capacity_factor_time_series__onshore.nc
2)    **__ERA5__wind__capacity_factor_time_series__offshore.nc
3)    **__ERA5__solar__capacity_factor_time_series.nc
4)    **__ERA5__hydropower__inflow_time_series__conventional_and_pumped_storage.nc
5)    **__ERA5__hydropower__inflow_time_series__run_of_river.nc
6)    **__ERA5__heating__demand_time_series__residential_space.nc
7)    **__ERA5__heating__demand_time_series__services_space.nc
8)    **__ERA5__cooling__demand_time_series.nc

Each country has also the following files for the climate projections, where ** is the country’s ISO Alpha-2 code, #_# is the value of the RCP scenario (e.g., 2_6 is RCP 2.6), ££££__&&&& is the name of the combination of global-regional climate models (e.g., CNRM_CERFACS_CM5__CNRM_ALADIN63):

9)    **__CORDEX__RCP_#_#__££££__&&&&__wind__capacity_factor_time_series__onshore.nc
10)    **__CORDEX__RCP_#_#__££££__&&&&__wind__capacity_factor_time_series__offshore.nc
11)    **__CORDEX__RCP_#_#__££££__&&&&__solar__capacity_factor_time_series.nc
12)    **__CORDEX__RCP_#_#__££££__&&&&__hydropower__inflow_time_series__conventional_and_pumped_storage.nc
13)    **__CORDEX__RCP_#_#__££££__&&&&__hydropower__inflow_time_series__run_of_river.nc
14)    **__CORDEX__RCP_#_#__££££__&&&&__heating__demand_time_series__residential_space.nc
15)    **__CORDEX__RCP_#_#__££££__&&&&__heating__demand_time_series__services_space.nc
16)    **__CORDEX__RCP_#_#__££££__&&&&__cooling__demand_time_series.nc

The repository also contains the caliration coefficients that resulted from the calibration procedure for the countries in which data were available.