Australian species of Gonatopus group 5

Key to the species

Females

1 Metanotum with sides rounded (i. e. metathorax + propodeum fusiform) (Fig. 16)................................. 2

- Metanotum with sides protruding; protrusions rounded or pointed (Figs 8, 17, 31)................................. 5

2 Mesosoma totally black (Fig. 16)........................................................................ 3

- Mesosoma yellow, or testaceous–reddish, or brown, occasionally partly black, never totally black (Fig. 18)............ 4

3 Propodeum regularly rounded in lateral view and with tip situated on disc (Fig. 13).... G. flavifemur (Esaki & Hashimoto)

- Propodeum not regularly rounded in lateral view and with tip situated behind disc (Fig. 26)......... G. perkinsi Ashmead

4 Metathorax + propodeum more fusiform (Fig. 25)............................................ G. perkinsi Ashmead

- Metathorax + propodeum less fusiform (metanotum very slightly protruding) (Fig. 18)................... G. r ufus (Fouts)

5 Pronotum dull, sculptured by irregular longitudinal keels........................................ G. dubius (Olmi)

- Pronotum shiny, unsculptured........................................................................... 6

6 Metanotum with lateral protrusions rounded (Fig. 2, 18)..................................................... 7

- Metanotum with lateral protrusions pointed (Fig. 31)........................................................ 13

7 Metathorax + propodeum shiny, with anterior surface unsculptured; posterior surface of propodeum, mesopleuron and metapleuron completely or partly transversely striate............................................................. 8

- Metathorax + propodeum dull, completely sculptured by strong transverse keels or partly reticulate rugose............ 10

8 Metanotum about as broad as propodeum (Fig. 2)........................................... G. alpinus (Gourlay)

- Metanotum much broader than propodeum (Fig. 18)......................................................... 9

9 Segment 5 of protarsus with less than ten medial lamellae (Fig. 22)................................... G. levis (Olmi)

- Segment 5 of protarsus with more than 15 medial lamellae (Fig. 38)................................. G. r ufus (Fouts)

10 Meso-metapleural suture distinct and complete............................................................. 11

- Meso-metapleural suture obsolete....................................................................... 12

11 Segment 5 of protarsus with more than 30 medial lamellae (Fig. 23).............................. G. oceanicus (Olmi)

- Segment 5 of protarsus with less than 20 medial lamellae (Fig. 30).............................. G. perraulti sp. nov.

12 Mesosoma completely black.............................................................. G. tahitianus (Olmi)

- Mesosoma totally or mostly testaceous-reddish.................................................. G. r ufus (Fouts)

13 Mesosoma testaceous-reddish............................................................. G. kiefferi (Perkins)

- Mesosoma black....................................................................... G. primitivus (Olmi)

Males (unknown in G. levis, G. oceanicus, G. perraulti, G. tahitianus)

1 Dorsal process of paramere reduced to inner expansion (Fig. 14)................... G. flavifemur (Esaki & Hashimoto)

- Dorsal process of paramere not reduced (Figs 5, 11, 29, 37, 40)............................................... 2

2 Notauli posteriorly separated............................................................................ 3

- Notauli posteriorly joint............................................................................... 6

3 Dorsal process of paramere long, slightly shorter than paramere (Figs 29, 37)...................................... 4

- Dorsal process of paramere much shorter than paramere (Fig. 40)............................................... 5

4 Ocelli very large (OOL much shorter than greatest breadth of each posterior ocellus) (Fig. 35)....... G. primitivus (Olmi)

- Ocelli smaller (OOL longer than greatest breadth of each posterior ocellus)....................... G. perkinsi Ashmead

5 Maxillary palpus with segment 4 about twice as long as segment 3 (Fig. 39); dorsal process of paramere broad, with papillae on distal region (Fig. 40).................................................................. G. rufus (Fouts)

- Maxillary palpus with segment 4 less than twice as long as segment 3 (Fig. 27); dorsal process of paramere slender, without papillae (Fig. 29)...................................................................... G. perkinsi Ashmead

6 Dorsal process of parameres broader (Fig. 5)............................................... G. alpinus (Gourlay)

- Dorsal process of paramere very slender (Figs 11, 29)........................................................ 7

7 Dorsal surface of propodeum with areolae about as large as those of posterior surface.............. G. perkinsi Ashmead

- Dorsal surface of propodeum with areolae smaller than those of posterior surface.................................................................................... Gonatopus sp. (probably G. dubius (Olmi) or G. kiefferi (Perkins))

Remarks. The males of the species not included in the previous key are unknown. The probable males of G. dubius and G. kiefferi are present both in the same row of couplet 7 because the only known male collected in the Fiji Islands can be attributed to either (see remarks about Gonatopus dubius Olmi) or, less probably, to a third unknown species.