Published May 31, 2022 | Version https://impactfactor.org/PDF/IJPCR/14/IJPCR,Vol14,Issue5,Article82.pdf
Journal article Open

Factors Associated with Neonatal Pneumonia: A Narrative Review

Authors/Creators

  • 1. Assistant Professor, Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Deoghar, Jharkhand, India
  • 2. Assistant Professor, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Indira Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, Bihar, India
  • 3. Postgraduate Resident, Department of General Medicine, Narayan Medical College and Hospital, Rohtas, Bihar
  • 4. Senior Resident, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, A.N.M.M.C.H, Gaya, Bihar

Description

The greatest risk of death from pneumonia in childhood is in the neonatal period. It is estimated that pneumonia contributes to between 750 000–1.2 million neonatal deaths annually, accounting for 10% of global child mortality. The etiology depends on time of onset. Gram negative bacilli predominate in the first week of life, and Gram-positive bacteria after that. Streptococcus pneumonia probably causes about 25% of neonatal pneumonia. Other associated risk factors are malnutrition (40% in India), Indoor air pollution, non-breast feeding, chronic pulmonary disease (obstructive), etc. Strengthening of health care delivery system for early detection and treatment and as well as minimization of preventable risk factors can avert a large proportion of death due to pneumonia. Interventions that would reduce mortality from this condition would have a large range of beneficial effects: improved maternal health, better management of other common neonatal conditions, and reduced long term childhood and adult morbidity.

 

 

 

Abstract (English)

The greatest risk of death from pneumonia in childhood is in the neonatal period. It is estimated that pneumonia contributes to between 750 000–1.2 million neonatal deaths annually, accounting for 10% of global child mortality. The etiology depends on time of onset. Gram negative bacilli predominate in the first week of life, and Gram-positive bacteria after that. Streptococcus pneumonia probably causes about 25% of neonatal pneumonia. Other associated risk factors are malnutrition (40% in India), Indoor air pollution, non-breast feeding, chronic pulmonary disease (obstructive), etc. Strengthening of health care delivery system for early detection and treatment and as well as minimization of preventable risk factors can avert a large proportion of death due to pneumonia. Interventions that would reduce mortality from this condition would have a large range of beneficial effects: improved maternal health, better management of other common neonatal conditions, and reduced long term childhood and adult morbidity.

 

 

 

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2022-04-22

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References

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