Insights into molecular markers for assessing androgen deprivation therapy outcomes in prostate cancer

Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) remains a cornerstone in the treatment of prostate cancer, but patient responses vary significantly. This systematic review evaluates the role and application of genomic and transcriptomic markers in assessing ADT efficacy and resistance. We analyzed 40 studies focusing on key markers such as AR-V7, TMPRSS2-ERG, RNA expression profiles, and the 23-gene signature. Our findings highlight the potential of these markers to personalize ADT, improve patient stratification, and guide treatment decisions. Despite promising results, challenges remain in standardization, cost, and clinical integration.