The Brain Imaging Data Structure (BIDS) Specification

Oliver-Taylor, Aaron; Li, Adam; Thomas, Adam; Flinker, Adeen; Wagner, Adina S.; Karakuzu, Agah; Nikolaidis, Aki; Lazari, Alberto; de la Vega, Alejandro; Giacomel, Alessio; Rockhill, Alex; Jones, Alexander; Cohen, Alexander L.; von Lautz, Alexander; Gramfort, Alexandre; Hutton, Alexandre; Routier, Alexandre; Foias, Alexandru; Khan, Ali; Wickenheiser, Alizee; Fouto, Ana; Eklund, Anders; Pigorini, Andrea; Hoopes, Andrew; Jahn, Andrew; Janke, Andrew; Sólon, Anibal; Galassi, Anthony; Sala, Arianna; Rokem, Ariel; Stolk, Arjen; Delorme, Arnaud; Marcoux, Arnaud; Basavaraj, Arshitha; Gillman, Ashley G.; Monika Mowinckel, Athanasia; Gunduz, Aysegul; Adebimpe, Azeez; Nolan Nichols, B.; Kincses, Balint; Beasley, Benjamin; Dichter, Benjamin; Gagl, Benjamin; Thirion, Bertrand; Voytek, Bradley; Foster, Brett L.; Wandell, Brian A.; Lundstrom, Brian N.; Maumet, Camille; Miniussi, Carlo; Madjar, Cecile; Pasturel, Chloé; Benjamin, Chris; Gahnström, Chris; Holdgraf, Chris; Gorgolewski, Chris J.; Rorden, Chris; Büchel, Christian; Horea, Christian; Rogers, Christine; Phillips, Christophe; Honey, Christopher J.; Markiewicz, Christopher J.; Lee-Messer, Christopher; Moreau, Clara; Hansen, Clint; Pernet, Cyril; Eierud, Cyrus; Sturgeon, D.; Levitas, Dan; Lurie, Dan; Handwerker, Daniel A.; Alsop, David; Boas, David; Groppe, David; Keator, David; McAlpine, David; Thomas, David; Draschkow, Dejan; Patterson, Dianne; Papadopoulos Orfanos, Dimitri; Petrov, Dmitry; Hermes, Dora; Huijser, Dorien; Greve, Douglas N.; Macleod, Duncan; Truong, Dung; Nielson, Dylan; Ort, Eduard; Marcantoni, Eleonora; Bock, Elizabeth; DuPre, Elizabeth; Warmerdam, Elke; Karaca, Erdal; Earl, Eric A.; Achten, Eric; Bridgeford, Eric; Dickie, Erin W.; Blackwood, Ethan; Duff, Eugene P.; Mikulan, Ezequiel; Orihuela-Espina, Felipe; Alfaro Almagro, Fidel; Szczepankiewicz, Filip; Maria Castelli, Filippo; Pestilli, Franco; Feingold, Franklin W.; Tadel, François; Rizzo, Gaia; Chen, Gang; Varoquaux, Gaël; Vaillant, Ghislain; Bertazzoli, Giacomo; Guidali, Giacomo; Mazzamuto, Giacomo; de Hollander, Gilles; Piantoni, Gio; Knudsen, Gitte M.; Castegnaro, Giulio; Gallitto, Giuseppe; Searle, Graham; Matheson, Granville J.; Kiar, Gregory; Noack, Gregory; Gilmore, Greydon; Flandin, Guillaume; Schaefer, Gunnar; Nilsonne, Gustav; Innes-Brown, Hamish; Hansen, Hanne D.; Lu, Hanzhang; Wang, Hao-Ting; Cockx, Helena; Mutsaerts, Henk; Ombao, Hernando; Boniface, Hugo; Isik, Ilkay; Lipp, Ilona; Neuroinformatics Coordinating Facility, International; Groen, Iris; Staden, Isla; von der Aar, Jaap; Kaczmarzyk, Jakub; Gholam, James; Kent, James; Mathijs Schoffelen, Jan; Petr, Jan; Schoffelen, Jan-Mathijs; Poline, Jean-Baptiste; Houde, Jean-Christophe; Gallezot, Jean-Dominique; Lachaux, Jean-Philippe; Mumford, Jeanette; Casimir, Jefferson; Ojemann, Jeffrey G.; Grethe, Jeffrey S.; JegouA; Dalenberg, Jelle; Moreau, Jeremy; Turner, Jessica A.; Rieger, Jochem; Detre, John; Pellman, John; Wodder, John T.; Durnez, Joke; Haitz Legarreta Gorroño, Jon; Lau, Jonathan C.; Winawer, Jonathan; Kuijer, Joost; Manuel Saborit, Jose; Wexler, Joseph; Woods, Joseph; Guiomar Niso Galán, Julia; Sprenger, Julia; Cohen-Adad, Julien; Welzel, Julius; Miller, Kai J.; Lee, Kangjoo; Heuer, Katja; Robbins, Kay; Larcher, Kevin; Ray, Kimberly; Whitaker, Kirstie; Gregorova, Klara; Gramann, Klaus; Thielemans, Kris; Bouchard, Kristofer; Schilling, Kurt; Fesselier, Laetitia; and John Arnold Foundation, Laura; Beltrachini, Leandro; Kamentsky, Lee; Walger, Lennart; Wittkuhn, Lennart; Hamilton, Liberty; Pollonini, Luca; Hernandez-Garcia, Luis; Edwards, Luke J.; Zehl, Lyuba; Jas, Mainak; Narayan, Manjari; Mercier, Manuel; Yaqub, Maqsood; Lalancette, Marc; Castellaro, Marco; de la Iglesia, Maria; Bourget, Marie-Hélène; Mikkelsen, Mark; Morawski, Markus; Bortoletto, Marta; Craig, Martin; Noergaard, Martin; Szinte, Martin; Wilson, Martin; Bulgari, Martina; Pawlik, Mateusz; Goncalves, Mathias; Boudreau, Mathieu; Sanderson, Matt; Tonietto, Matteo; Günther, Matthias; Van Osch, Matthias; J Shader, Maureen; Pasternak, Maurice; van den Boom, Max A.; Ganz-Benjaminsen, Melanie; Chappell, Michael; Hanke, Michael; Harms, Michael P.; Milham, Michael P.; Notter, Michael P.; Schirner, Michael; Naveau, Mikaël; Pouratian, Nader; Petridou, Natalia; Institute of Mental Health, National; Hardcastle, Nell; Traut, Nicholas; Ramsey, Nick F.; Swann, Nicole C.; Beliy, Nikita; Bigdely Shamlo, Nima; David, Olivier; Devinsky, Orrin; Esteban, Oscar; LaMontagne, Pamela; Sethi, Parul; Clement, Patricia; Park, Patrick; Toussaint, Paule-Joanne; Herholz, Peer; Ritter, Petra; Rioux, Pierre; Vandemaele, Pieter; Reddy Raamana, Pradeep; Cameron Craddock, R.; Gau, Remi; Höchenberger, Richard; Henson, Richard N.; Innis, Robert B.; Smith, Robert E.; Knight, Robert; Luke, Robert; Oostenveld, Robert; Toro, Roberto; Goyal, Rohan; Blair, Ross W.; Poldrack, Russell A.; Adon, Rémi; Das, Samir; Garcia, Samuel; Guay, Samuel; Nastase, Samuel; Elgayar, Sara; D'Ambrosio, Sasha; Ghosh, Satrajit S.; Makeig, Scott; Jeung, Sein; Bansal, Shashank; Vos, Sjoerd B.; Hayashi, Soichi; Appelhoff, Stefan; Bickel, Stephan; Meisler, Steven; Bhogawar, Suyash; Baillet, Sylvain; Takerkart, Sylvain; Tourbier, Sébastien; Grothkopp, Sören; Pal Attia, Tal; Yarkoni, Tal; Spisak, Tamas; Józsa, Tamás; Salo, Taylor; Brooks, Teon L.; Nichols, Thomas E.; Funck, Thomas; Kirk, Thomas; Okell, Thomas; Auer, Tibor; Dickscheid, Timo; Berg, Timotheus; Betthauser, Tobey; Bengfort, Tobias; Hampshire, Tom; Wager, Tor; Riddle, Travis; Glatard, Tristan; Collins, Tyler; Bingel, Ulrike; Sochat, Vanessa; Raguram, Vasudev; Calhoun, Vince D.; Iacovella, Vittorio; Siless, Viviana; Litvak, Vladimir; van der Zwaag, Wietske; Clarke, William; Triplett, William; Potters, Wouter V.; Li, Xiangrui; Halchenko, Yaroslav O.; Ashar, Yoni; Wang, Yuan; Michael, Zachary; ezemikulan; josator2; monkeyman192; Bergeron, Étienne

doi:10.5281/zenodo.13754678

Published September 12, 2024 | Version 1.10.0

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The Brain Imaging Data Structure (BIDS) Specification

1. NIMH, Intramural Research Program, Bethesda, MD, 20891, USA
2. New York University, Department of Neurology, New York City, New York, 10016, USA
3. Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-7), Research Center Juelich, Juelich, 52428, Germany
4. GlaxoSmithKline Research and Development
5. Boston Children's Hospital, Department of Neurology, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
6. Inria, Université Paris-Saclay
7. LORIS, MCIN, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University
8. université de Liège, Belgium
9. University of Washington, Psychology, Seattle, WA, 98107, United States of America
10. Swartz Center for Computational Neuroscience
11. NIMH, Data Science and Sharing Team, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
12. University of Oslo
13. University of Pennsylvania
14. CatalystNeuro
15. University of Vienna
16. UC San Diego, Cognitive Science and Data Science, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
17. Inria, Univ Rennes, CNRS, Inserm, Rennes, 35042, France
18. University of Trento
19. Google LLC
20. University of South Carolina, Department of Psychology, Columbia, SC, 29016, USA
21. Dartmouth College, PBS, Hanover NH/USA
22. McGill Centre for Integrative Neuroscience, Montreal Neurological Institute
23. University of Liège, GIGA CRC in vivo imaging, Liège, 4000, Belgium
24. Johns Hopkins University, Psychological and Brain Sciences, Baltimore, MD, 21218, United States
25. Kiel University
26. Neurobiology Research Unit, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
27. Georgia State University
28. Indiana University, Psychological & Brain Sciences, Bloomington, IN, 47405, USA
29. Boston University, Biomedical Engineering, Boston, MA 02215 USA
30. Persyst Development Corporation, R&D, Toronto, ON M4K 1W8 Canada
31. Change Your Brain, Change Your Life Foundation
32. University of Oxford
33. University of Arizona, RII, Tucson Arizona 85721 USA
34. Utrecht University
35. Heinrich-Heine-University, Department of Experimental Psychology, Dusseldorf, 40224, Germany
36. IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli di Brescia
37. Stanford University, Department of Psychology, Stanford, CA, 94063, USA
38. Saarland University
39. NIMH Data Science & Sharing Team, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
40. UK Dementia Research Institute, Imperial College London, UK
41. University of Milan
42. Lund University
43. University of Florence, European Laboratory for NonLinear Spectroscopy, Sesto Fiorentino, (FI), 50019, Italy
44. Stanford University
45. Invicro, Burlington Danes Building, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK
46. National Institutes of Health, Scientific and Statistical Computing Core, NIMH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
47. Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli
48. IRCCS Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli
49. National Institute of Optics, National Research Council
50. Essen University Hospital
51. Child Mind Institute
52. University College London
53. Karolinska Institutet, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Stockholm, 17177, Sweden
54. Oticon A/S, Eriksholm Research Centre, Snekkersten, Denmark
55. Copenhagen University Hospital, Neurobiology Research Unit, Section 8057, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
56. Johns Hopkins Medicine
57. CRIUGM, Montreal, Quebec, H3W 1W5, Canada
58. Radboud University
59. Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Radiology and Nuclear Department, Amsterdam, 1013 EG, The Netherlands
60. Max Planck Institute for Empirical Aesthetics
61. Radboud University Nijmegen, Donders Institute, Nijmegen, 6500 HB, The Netherlands
62. Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Dresden, 01309, Germany
63. Université de Sherbrooke
64. Yale School of Medicine, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
65. INSERM
66. Stanford, Department of Psychology, Stanford, CA
67. University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Neurology, Movement Disorders Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ, Groningen
68. Oldenburg University, Dept. of Psychology, 26129, Germany
69. Université de Sherbrooke, Department of Computer Science, Sherbrooke, (Québec), J1K 2R1, Canada
70. Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam, 1081 HV, The Netherlands
71. Loyola University Chicago
72. University of Oxford, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Oxford, UK
73. Indiana University
74. Institute de Neuroscience de la Timone, CNRS, Marseille, 13005, France
75. Polytechnique Montreal, Department of Electrical Engineering, Montreal, QC, Canada
76. Yale School of Medicine
77. Institut Pasteur
78. University of Texas at San Antonio Department of Computer Science San Antonio, TX 78249 USA
79. UT Austin
80. University of Cambridge
81. Technical University Berlin
82. LBNL, Scientific Data Division
83. Cardiff University, Cardiff University Brain Research Imaging Centre (CUBRIC), UK
84. MIT
85. Max Planck Institute for Human Development
86. University of Houston, Dept. of Engineering Technology, Houston TX 77204, USA
87. Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences
88. Forschungszentrum Jülich
89. Dynamics of Cognitive Processes Group Institut de Neurosciences des Systèmes, INS - UMR 1106 Inserm Aix-Marseille Université, France
90. Amsterdam UMC, locatie VUmc
91. Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital, McConnell Brain Imaging Center, Montreal, Quebec, H2A
92. University of Padova, Department of Information Engineering, Padova, Italy
93. FISABIO, Join Unit Biomedical Imagin, Valencia, Valencia, 46006, Spain
94. Weill Cornell Medicine
95. Universität Leipzig
96. IRCCS Centro S Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli
97. Stanford University, Department of Psychology, CA, 94304, USA
98. CNRS, Institut des Neurosciences de la Timone, Marseille, 13008, France
99. Psychology Department, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, 94305, USA
100. Polytechnique Montréal
101. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Research and Early Development, Basel, 4070, Switzerland
102. Mayo Clinic, Department of neurosurgery, Rochester, MN, USA
103. University of Copenhagen, Department of Computer Science, Copenhagen, 2100, Denmark
104. Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Department of Neurology, Berlin, 10115, Germany
105. UAR3408-US50 CYCERON, Caen, 14000, France
106. High Field Dpt, Center for Image Sciences, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CX Utrecht, NL
107. University of Liege (Liege, Belgium)
108. NYU School of Medicine
109. Department of Radiology, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, CH-1011, Switzerland
110. Department of Medical Imaging / Department of Medical Sciences, Ghent University Hospital / Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
111. McGill University Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences
112. NeuroDataScience - ORIGAMI lab, McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada
113. Charité University Medicine Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, 10115, Germany
114. Ghent University Hospital
115. Université catholique de Louvain
116. Inria Saclay - Île-de-France Research Centre
117. MRC CBU, University of Cambridge, UK
118. NIMH Intramural Research Program, Bethesda, MD 20850 USA, MD 20892 USA
119. The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Epilepsy Neuroinformatics Laboratory, Heidelberg, Victoria, 3084, Australia
120. Radboud University, Donders Institute, Nijmegen, 6525 EN, The Netherlands
121. Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305 USA
122. Université de Montréal, Montreal, Québec, CA
123. Princeton University
124. University of Milan, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Milan, 20137, Italy
125. MIT, McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
126. Institute for Neural Computation, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92-93-0955, USA
127. University of Western Australia;Centre for Microscopy, Characterisation, and Analysis;Perth;WA;6009;Australia
128. Program in Speech and Hearing Bioscience and Technology, Harvard University
129. CNRS, Institut de Neurosciences de la Timone (INT), Marseille, France
130. Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Department of Clinical Neurosciences (DNC), Lausanne, 1007, Switzerland
131. University Hospital Essen, Center for Translational and Behavioral Neuroscience, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology
132. University of Pennsylvania, Department of Psychiatry, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19104, United States
133. University of Oxford, Big Data Institute, Oxford, OX3 7LF, UK
134. University of Surrey, School of Psychology, Guildford, GU2 7XH, United Kingdom
135. Forschungszentrum Jülich, Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1), Jülich, 52428, Germany
136. University of Wisconsin-Madison
137. National Police Foundation
138. BrockU, LORIS, MCIN, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University
139. Tri-institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science (TReNDS), Georgia State, Georgia Tech, and Emory, Atlanta, GA 30030
140. Business School, Universidad Torcuato di Tella
141. UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology
142. The Ohio State University
143. Dartmouth College
144. Collège Sainte-Anne de Lachine

The Brain Imaging Data Structure (BIDS) is a simple and intuitive way to organize and describe data.

Notes

To cite the BIDS specification, please follow the instructions here: https://bids-specification.rtfd.io/en/latest/introduction.html#citing-bids HTML versions of the BIDS specification can be browsed following this link: https://bids-specification.rtfd.io PDF versions of the BIDS specification can be found in the Zenodo archives listed under "identifiers" below in the present `CITATION.cff` file.

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The Brain Imaging Data Structure (BIDS) Specification

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