Application of Passive Design Strategies to a Residential Building in Cold Climate of Ardebil, Iran

Abstract

This project investigates passive design strategies for enhancing energy efficiency in multi-storey residential buildings situated in the cold climate of Ardabil, Iran. Emphasizing the challenges posed by cold winds, extreme temperatures, and seasonal variations in solar energy, the study proposes various passive strategies, including optimal building orientation, adaptive shades, deciduous planting, high thermal mass materials, dark-colored surfaces, double-skin façades, and Trombe walls. These strategies aim to maximize solar heat gain, minimize heat loss, and reduce reliance on mechanical heating systems. The findings highlight the importance of integrating these techniques to achieve energy efficiency and thermal comfort in cold climates, offering valuable insights for architects, designers, and policymakers.