Published August 31, 2024
| Version v1
Journal article
Open
Dirofilaria immitis and Dirofilaria striata (Spirurida: Onchocercidae) detected in wild carnivores from Texas, United States
Authors/Creators
- 1. Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA & Laboratory of Parasitology, Federal University of the Agreste of Pernambuco, Garanhuns, PE, 55282-278, Brazil
- 2. Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
- 3. Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
- 4. Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA & Department of Comparative Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Bastrop, TX, 78601, USA
Description
Ramos, Rafael A.N., Hakimi, Hassan, Salomon, Jordan, Busselman, Rachel E., Curtis-Robles, Rachel, Hodo, Carolyn L., Hamer, Sarah A., Verocai, Guilherme G. (2024): Dirofilaria immitis and Dirofilaria striata (Spirurida: Onchocercidae) detected in wild carnivores from Texas, United States. International Journal for Parasitology: Parasites and Wildlife 24: 100954, DOI: 10.1016/j.ijppaw.2024.100954, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijppaw.2024.100954
Files
source.pdf
Files
(1.7 MB)
| Name | Size | Download all |
|---|---|---|
|
md5:e575f5e2d0cedb9eb5b4e33fbfb97bb2
|
1.7 MB | Preview Download |
Linked records
Additional details
Identifiers
- LSID
- urn:lsid:plazi.org:pub:E575FFE2FFCEFF9EFFB4E33FFFB9FFB2
References
- Aher, A.M., Caudill, D., Caudill, G., Butryn, R.S., Wolf, D., Fox, M., Blake, D.P., Cunningham, M.W., 2016. Prevalence, genetic analyses, and risk factors associated with heartworm (Dirofilaria immitis) in wild coyotes (Canis latrans) from Florida, USA. J. Wildl. Dis. 52, 785-792. http://doi:10.7589/2015-09-223.
- Aykur, M., Ya˘gci, A., Simsek, S., Palamar, M., Yaman, B., Korkmaz, M., Dagci, H., 2021. First time identification of subconjunctival Dirofilaria immitis in Turkey: giant episcleral granuloma mimicking scleritis. Parasitol. Res. 120, 3909-3914. http://d oi:10.1007/s00436-021-07317-2.
- Ayres, M., Ayres, M.Jr., Ayres, D.L., Santos, A.A., 2007. BioEstat 5.0: Statistical Applications in the Areas of Biological Sciences and Medical. Institute for Sustainable Development Mamirau´a, Amazonas.
- Bowman, D.D., Atkins, C.E., 2009. Heartworm biology, treatment, and control. Vet. Clin. Small Anim. 39, 1127-1158. http://doi:10.1016/j.cvsm.2009.06.003.
- Bradley, C.A., Altizer, S., 2007. Urbanization and the ecology of wildlife diseases. Trends Ecol. Evol. 22, 95-102. http://doi:10.1016/j.tree.2006.11.001.
- Brearley, G., Rhodes, J., Bradley, A., Baxter, G., Seabrook, L., Lunney, D., Liu, Y., McAlpine, C., 2013. Wildlife disease prevalence in human-modified landscapes. Biol. Rev. Camb. Phil. Soc. 88, 427-442. http://doi:10.1111/brv.12009.
- Brianti, E., Napoli, E., De Benedetto, G., Venco, L., Mendoza-Roldan, J.A., Basile, A., Bezerra-Santos, M.A., Drake, J., Schaper, R., Otranto, D., 2023. Elimination of Dirofilaria immitis infection in dogs, Linosa Island, Italy, 2020-2022. Emerg. Infect. Dis. 29, 1559-1565. http://doi:10.3201/eid2908.221910.
- Brown, H.E., Harrington, L.C., Kaufman, P.E., McKay, T., Bowman, D.D., Nelson, C.T., Wang, D., Lund, R., 2012. Key factors influencing canine heartworm, Dirofilaria immitis, in the United States. Parasites Vectors 5, 245. http://doi:10.1186/1756-33 05-5-245.
- Carlson, B.L., Nielsen, S.W., 1983. Dirofilaria immitis infection in a gray fox. J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. 183, 1275-1276.
- Cardozo, M., Fiad, F.G., Crocco, L.B., Gorla, D.E., 2021. Effect of habitat fragmentation on rural house invasion by sylvatic triatomines: a multiple landscape-scale approach. PLoS Neglected Trop. Dis. 15, e0009579. http://doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0009579.
- Casiraghi, M., Anderson, T.J.C., Bandi, C., Bazzocchi, C., Genchi, C., 2001.
- Christensen, B.M., Shelton, M.E., 1978. Laboratory observations on the insusceptibility of raccoons to Dirofilaria immitis. J. Wildl. Dis. 14, 22-23. http://doi:10.7589/ 0090-3558-14.1.22.
- Clark, K., Karsch-Mizrachi, I., Lipman, D.J., Ostell, J., Sayers, E.W., 2016. GenBank. Nucleic. Acids Res. 44, 67-72. http://doi:10.1093/nar/gkv1276.
- Courtney, C.H., Sundlof, S.F., Lane, T.J., 1985. Impact of filariasis on the racing greyhound. J. Am. Anim. Hosp. Assoc. 21, 421-425.
- Crum, J.M., Nettles, V.F., Davidson, W.R., 1978. Studies on endoparasites of the Black bear (Ursus americanus) in the southeastern United States. J. Wildl. Dis. 14, 178-186. https://doi.org/10.7589/0090-3558-14.2.178.
- Curtis-Robles, R., Lewis, B.C., Hamer, S.A., 2016. High Trypanosoma cruzi infection prevalence associated with minimal cardiac pathology among wild carnivores in central Texas. Int. J. Parasitol. Parasites Wildl. 5, 117-123. http://doi:10.1016/j.ij ppaw.2016.04.001.
- Dantas-Torres, F., Otranto, D., 2013. Dirofilariosis in the Americas: a more virulent Dirofilaria immitis? Parasites Vectors 6, 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1186/1756-3305-6- 288.
- Fontes-Sousa, A.P., Silvestre-Ferreira, A.C., Carret´on, E., Esteves-Guimartaes, J., Maia- Rocha, C., Oliveira, P., Lobo, L., Morchon ´, R., Araujo, F., Sim´on, F., Montoya- Alonso, J.A., 2019. Exposure of humans to the zoonotic nematode Dirofilaria immitis in Northern Portugal. Epidemiol. Infect. 147, e282. http://doi:10.1017/S095026881 9001687.
- Forrester, D.J., Conti, J.A., Belden, R.C., 1985. Parasites of the Florida panther (Felis concolor coryi). Proc. Helm. Soc. Wash. 52, 95-97.
- Gates, M., Gerhold, R.W., Wilkes, R.P., Gulsby, W.D., Maestas, L., Rosypal, A., Miller, K. V., Miller, D.L., 2014. Parasitology, virology, and serology of free-ranging coyotes (Canis latrans) from central Georgia, USA. J. Wildl. Dis. 50, 896-901. http://doi:10 .7589/2013-10-283.
- Gruntmeir, J., Kelly, M., Ramos, R.A.N., Verocai, G.G., 2023. Cutaneous filarioid nematodes of dogs in the United States: are they emerging, neglected, or underdiagnosed parasites? Front. Vet. Sci. 10, 1128611. http://doi:10.3389/fvets.2 023.1128611.
- Hern´andez-Camacho, N., Pineda-Lopez ´, R.F., de Jesus Guerrero-Carrillo, M., Cant´o- Alarcon ´, G.J., Jones, R.W., Moreno-P´erez, M.A., Mosqueda-Gualito, J.J., Zamora- Ledesma, S., Camacho-Macias, B., 2016. Gray fox (Urocyon cinereoargenteus) parasite diversity in central Mexico. Int. J. Parasitol. Parasites Wildl. 5, 207-210. http://doi :10.1016/j.ijppaw.2016.06.003.
- Hirano, H., Kizaki, T., Sashikata, T., Matsumura, T., 2002. Pulmonary dirofilariasis- clinicopathological study. Kobe J. Med. Sci. 48, 79-86.
- Hodo, C.L., Banuelos t, R.M., Edwards, E.E., Wozniak, E.J., Hamer, S.A., 2020. Pathology and discrete typing unit associations of Trypanosoma cruzi infection in coyotes (Canis latrans) and raccoons (Procyon lotor) of Texas, USA. J. Wildl. Dis. 56, 134-144. http: //doi:10.7589/2019-03-071.
- Hody, J.W., Kays, R., 2018. Mapping the expansion of coyotes (Canis latrans) across North and Central America. ZooKeys 759, 81-97. http://doi:10.3897/zookeys.759. 15149.
- Isaza, R., Courtney, C.H., 1988. Possible association between Dirofilaria tenuis infections in humans and its prevalence in raccoons in Florida. J. Parasitol. 74, 189-190.
- Kotani, T., Powers, K.G., 1982. Developmental stages of Dirofilaria immitis in the dog. Am. J. Vet. Res. 43, 2199-2206.
- Kotwa, J.D., Jardine, C.M., Berke, O., Pearl, D.L., Mercer, N.J., Peregrine, A.S., 2019. Prevalence and distribution of Dirofilaria immitis infection in wild canids in southern Ontario. Vet. Parasitol. Reg. Stud. Reports. 18, 100349. http://doi:10.1016/j. vprsr.2019.100349.
- Labarthe, N.V., Willi, L.M., Paiva, J.P., Miranda, M.G., Zoreck, K., Almeida, F.M., 2015. Chemoprophylaxis of Dirofilaria immitis (Leidy 1856) infection at a high challenge environment. Parasites Vectors 12, 523. http://doi:10.1186/s13071-015-1141-6.
- Lamm, M.G., Roelke, M.E., Greiner, E.C., Streible, C.K., 1997. Microfilariae in the free-ranging Florida panther (Felis concolor coryi). J. Helm. Soc. Wash. 64, 137-141.
- Little, S., Braff, J., Place, J., Buch, J., Dewage, B.G., Knupp, A., Beall, M., 2021. Canine infection with Dirofilaria immitis, Borrelia burgdorferi, anaplasma spp., and ehrlichia spp. in the United States, 2013-2019. Parasites Vectors 14, 10. http://doi:10.1186 /s13071-020-04514-3.
- McCall, J.W., Genchi, C., Kramer, L.H., Guerrero, J., Venco, L., 2008. Heartworm disease in animals and humans. Adv. Parasitol. 66, 193-285. http://doi:10.1016/S0065-308X(08)00204-2.
- Magi, M., Calderini, P., Gabrielli, S., Dell' Omodarme, M., Macchioni, F., Prati, M.C., Cancrini, G., 2008. Vulpes vulpes: a possible wild reservoir for zoonotic filariae. Vector Borne Zoonotic. Dis 8, 249-252. http://doi:10.1089/vbz.2007.0207.
- Malik, D., Amaraneni, A., Singh, S., Roach, R., 2016. Man' s best friend: how humans can develop Dirofilaria immitis infections. IDCases 24, 43-45. http://doi:10.1016/j.id cr.2016.03.003.
- Miller, G.C., Harkema, R., 1968. Helminths of some wild mammals in the southeastern United States. Proc Helminthol Soc Wash 35, 118-125.
- Mosley, I.A., Zecca, I.B., Tyagi, N., Harvey, T.V., Hamer, S.A., Verocai, G.G., 2023. Occurrence of Dirofilaria immitis infection in shelter cats in the lower Rio Grande Valley region in South Texas, United States, using integrated diagnostic approaches. Vet. Parasitol. Reg. Stud. Rep. 41, 100871 https://doi.org/10.1016/j. vprsr.2023.100871.
- Negron, V., Saleh, M.N., Sobotyk, C., Luksovsky, J.L., Harvey, T.V., Verocai, G.G., 2022. Probe-based qPCR as an alternative to modified Knott' s test when screening dogs for heartworm (Dirofilaria immitis) infection in combination with antigen detection tests. Parasites Vectors 15, 306. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13071-022-05372-x.
- Nelson, T.A., Gregory, D.G., Laursen, J.R., 2003. Canine heartworms in coyotes in Illinois. J. Wildl. Dis. 39, 593-599. http://doi:10.7589/0090-3558-39.3.593.
- Nelson, C.T., McCall, J.W., Rubin, S.B., Buzhardt, L.F., Dorion, D.W., Graham, W., Longhofer, S.L., Guerrero, J., Robertson-Plouch, C., Paul, A., 2005. Guidelines for the diagnosis, prevention and management of heartworm (Dirofilaria immitis) infection in dogs. Vet. Parasitol. 133, 255-266. http://doi:10.1016/j.vetpar.2005.07.008.
- Orihel, T.C., Ash, L.R., 1964. Occurrence of Dirofilaria striata in the bobcat (Lynx rufus) in Louisiana with observations on its larval development. J. Parasitol. 50, 590-591.
- Orihel, T.C., Helentjaris, D., Alger, J., 1997. Subcutaneous dirofilariasis: single inoculum, multiple worms. Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. 56, 452-455. http://doi:10.4269/ajtmh .1997.56.452.
- Orihel, T.C., Isbey, E.K., 1990. Dirofilaria striata infection in a North Carolina child. Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. 42, 124-126.
- Oshima, K., 2023. Clinical characteristics of human pulmonary dirofilariasis in Japan: an uncommon differential diagnosis of a solitary pulmonary nodule. Jpn. J. Infect. Dis. 76, 310-313. http://doi:10.7883/yoken.JJID.2022.617.
- Otranto, D., Deplazes, P., 2019. Zoonotic nematodes of wild carnivores. Int. J. Parasitol. Parasites Wildl. 9, 370-383. http://doi:10.1016/j.ijppaw.2018.12.011.
- Palicelli, A., Veggiani, C., Rivasi, F., Gustinelli, A., Boldorini, R., 2022. Human Pulmonary Dirofilariasis due to Dirofilaria immitis: the first Italian case confirmed by polymerase chain reaction analysis, with a systematic literature review. Life 12, 1584. http://doi:10.3390/life12101584.
- Papadopoulos, E., Komnenou, A., Poutachides, T., Heikkinen, P., Oksanen, A., Karamanlidis, A.A., 2017. Detection of Dirofilaria immitis in a brown bear (Ursus arctos) in Greece. Helminthologia 54, 257-261. https://doi.org/10.1515/helm- 2017-0033.
- Paras, K.L., Little, S.E., Reichard, M.V., Reiskind, M.H., 2012. Detection of Dirofilaria immitis and Ehrlichia species in coyotes (Canis latrans), from rural Oklahoma and Texas. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis. 12, 619-621. http://doi:10.1089/vbz.2011.0815.
- Perles, L., Dantas-Torres, F., Krucken, J., Morch´on, R., Walochnik, J., Otranto, D., 2024. Zoonotic dirofilariases: one, no one, or more than one parasite. Trends Parasitol. 40, 257-270. http://doi:10.1016/j.pt.2023.12.007.
- Pung, O.J., Davis, P.H., Richardson, D.J., 1996. Filariae of raccoons from southeast Georgia. J. Parasitol. 82, 849-851.
- Richardson, D.J., Owen, W.B., Snyder, D.E., 1992. Helminth parasites of the raccoon (Procyon lotor) from north-central Arkansas. J. Parasitol. 78, 163-166.
- Sauerman, D.M.Jr., Nayar, J.K., 1985. Prevalence of presumed Dirofilaria tenuis microfilariae in raccoons near Vero Beach, Florida. J. Parasitol. 71, 130-132.
- Simmons, J.M., Nicholson, W.S., Hill, E.P., Briggs, D.B., 1980. Occurrence of (Dirofilaria immitis) in gray fox (Urocyon cinereoargenteus) in Alabama and Georgia. J. Wildl. Dis. 16, 225-228. http://doi:10.7589/0090-3558-16.2.225.
- Snyder, D.E., Hamir, A.N., Hanlon, C.A., Rupprecht, C.E., 1989. Dirofilaria immitis in a raccoon (Procyon lotor). J. Wildl. Dis. 25, 130-131. http://doi:10.7589/0090-3558 -25.1.130.
- Sobotyk, C., Nguyen, N., Negron ´, V., Varner, A., Saleh, M.N., Hilton, C., Tomeˇcek, J.M., Esteve-Gasent, M.D., Verocai, G.G., 2022. Detection of Dirofilaria immitis via integrated serological and molecular analyses in coyotes from Texas, United States. Int. J. Parasitol. Parasites Wildl. 18, 20-24. http://doi:10.1016/j.ijppaw.2022.03.0 12.
- Somsap, Y., Boonroumkaew, P., Somsap, A., Rodpai, R., Sadaow, L., Sanpool, O., Maleewong, W., Intapan, P.M., 2021. Ocular dirofilariasis case in Thailand confirmed by molecular analysis to be caused by Dirofilaria immitis. Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. 106, 204-207. http://doi:10.4269/ajtmh.21-0764.
- St Jean, S.C., Bryan, L.K., Sobotyk, C., Verocai, G.G., 2022. Pathology in Practice: aberrant intra-cranial Dirofilaria immitis migration with cerebral and cerebellar trauma in a Fennec Fox (Vulpes zerda). J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. 259, 1-3. https://doi. org/10.2460/javma.20.08.0469.
- Tamura, K., Stecher, G., Kumar, S., 2021. MEGA11: molecular evolutionary genetics analysis version 11. Mol. Biol. Evol. 38, 3022-3027. http://doi:10.1093/molbe v/msab120.
- Telford, S.R.Jr., Forrester, D.J., 1991. Hemoparasites of raccoons (Procyon lotor) in Florida. J. Wildl. Dis. 27, 486-490. http://doi:10.7589/0090-3558-27.3.486.
- Theis, J.H., 2005. Public health aspects of dirofilariasis in the United States. Vet. Parasitol. 133, 157-180. http://doi:10.1016/j.vetpar.2005.04.007.
- Upton, K.E., Sobotyk, C., Edwards, E.E., Verocai, G.G., 2022. Dirofilaria immitis in an Asian small-clawed otter (Aonyx cinereus) from southeastern Louisiana, United States. Vet. Parasitol. Reg. Stud. Rep. 29, 100703 https://doi.org/10.1016/j. vprsr.2022.100703.
- Upton, K.E., Budke, C.M., Verocai, G.G., 2023. Heartworm (Dirofilaria immitis) in carnivores kept in zoos in Texas, USA: risk perception, practices, and antigen detection. Parasites Vectors 16, 150. http://doi:10.1186/s13071-023-05750-z.
- Wang, D., Bowman, D.D., Brown, H.E., Harrington, L.C., Kaufman, P.E., McKay, T., Nelson, C.T., Sharp, J.L., Lund, R., 2014. Factors influencing U.S. canine heartworm (Dirofilaria immitis) prevalence. Parasites Vectors 7, 264. http://doi:10.1186/1 756-3305-7-264.
- Worsley-Tonks, K.E.L., Gehrt, S.D., Anchor, C., Escobar, L.E., Craft, M.E., 2021. Infection risk varies within urbanized landscapes: the case of coyotes and heartworm. Parasites Vectors 14, 464. http://doi:10.1186/s13071-021-04958-1.
- Wyatt, D., Santoro, D., Deabold, K., Gruntmeir, J., Childress, A., Craft, W.F., Walden, H. D.S., Wellehan, J.F.X., 2020. Subcutaneous nodules and dermatitis associated with non-immitis non-repens dirofilariosis morphologically consistent with Dirofilaria striata in a 2-year-old male domestic cat in Florida, USA. Vet. Q. 40, 215-222. http: //doi:10.1080/01652176.2020.1814972.
- Zinck, C.B., Priest, J.M., Shutler, D., Boudreau, M., Lloyd, V.K., 2021. Detection of Borrelia spp., Ehrlichia canis, Anaplasma phagocytophilum, and Dirofilaria immitis in eastern coyotes (Canis latrans) in nova scotia, Canada. J. Wildl. Dis. 57, 678-682. http://doi:10.7589/JWD-D-20-00188.