CO2 NEE, ER and GPP + air and soil meteorological and climate parameters in Arctic tundra, Ny Ålesund (Svalbard, NO) - summer 2019_and 2021-2025 – single point measurements

The dataset “CO2 NEE, ER and GPP + air and soil meteorological and climate parameters in Arctic tundra, Ny Ålesund (Svalbard, NO) - summer 2019_2021_2022_2025 – single point measurements” is a .csv file (filename: 0.data_NyAlesund_2019-2025.csv) reporting CO₂ fluxes and basic meteoclimatic variables measured on vascular vegetation in the Bayelva Basin near Ny Ålesund, in the Brøgger peninsula, Spitsbergen, Norway, during the 2019, 2021, 2022, 2023, 2024 and 2025 growing season peaks (about end of July-beginning of August).

Data have been measured at two sites, called AIRPORT and CZ (Critical Zone Observatory). Average coordinates of the measuring sites are: AIRPORT: 78°55’25.7” N, 11°53’29.4” E; CZ: 78°55'15'' N, 11°51'25 E (WGS84). Fluxes were measured using the flux chamber method: the Net Ecosystem Exchange (NEE) was measured with a transparent flux chamber, while the Ecosystem Respiration (ER) with a shaded chamber. Gross Primary Productivity (GPP) is calculated as GPP = NEE - ER, where GPP is always negative, ER is always positive, and NEE can be either positive or negative or null according to the prevailing process. Sampling was performed in points covered with a mix of the most common vascular plants species at the measuring sites (Dryas octopetala, Silene acaulis, Salix polaris, Saxifraga oppositifolia, Carex rupestris or other Carex spp) and non vascular species (mainly lichens and biocrust, very sparse moss as the site is a dry tundra).

Measurement units used in the dataset: Fluxes (NEE, ER and GPP) are expressed as (μmol/m²/s).

Flux data are complemented by measurements of solar irradiance (Rad , in W/m²), air temperature (Ta, in Celsius degrees), air moisture (RH, in %), soil volumetric water content (VWC, in %), soil temperature (Ts, in Celsius degrees), Green Fractional Cover (GFC, fractional number between 0 and 1), WGS84 Coordinates (lon and lat, degrees.decimal degrees), Day of the Year (doy, integer number), Snow Melt-Out Day from MODIS data (smod, integer number), Days Since Snowmelt (DSS_rs, integer number) calculated as doy-smod. The Green Fractional Cover of the vegetation inscribed within the sampling surface was estimated from digital RGB pictures taken at the nadir of the measurement points.  Date of measurement is expressed in dd.mm.yy, and time of measurement as hour.decimal-hour.

Please note that the older version of this dataset (filename: 0.data_NyAlesund_2019-2023.csv, version V1 (DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.13284501) is a subset of this dataset, containing only data from vascular vegetation and from the years 2019-2023 and with DSS calculated from data acquired from the climate station “Ny-ålesund, SVALBARD (SN99910)” from the website https://seklima.met.no/ of the Norwegian Centre for Climate Services.