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Published October 14, 2022 | Version v1
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Figure 1 in Toxicity of insecticides to the egg parasitoids Telenomus podisi and Trissolcus teretis (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae)

Authors/Creators

  • 1. Fundação de Apoio à Pesquisa e ao Desenvolvimento, Sete Lagoas, MG, Brasil. & * & Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária, Londrina, PR, Brasil.
  • 2. Universidade Federal de Lavras, Departamento de Entomologia, Lavras, MG, Brasil. & O was classified as harmless (class 1), according to the International Organization of Biological Control to both pupae and adults of T. podisi. When tested against T. teretis, ethiprole was classified as harmless (class 1) and slightly harmful (class 2), but it still was the most selective pesticide among the studied chemicals. When adult parasitoids of both species were exposed to sprayed host eggs, parasitism rates were similar. The other treatments triggered more severe negative side effects to the parasitoids, especially to adults. Overall, ethiprole was the least toxic compound among the studied products and should be preferred in integrated pest management aimed at preserving these biocontrol agents, while the other tested insecticides should be evaluated under semi-field and field conditions to verify their higher toxicity.
  • 3. * & Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária, Londrina, PR, Brasil.
  • 4. Instituto de Desenvolvimento Rural, Londrina, PR, Brasil.

Description

Figure 1 Bioassay setup. Potter Spray Tower (A), experimental cage (B), Duran tube with adult parasitoids inside covered with aluminum foil used to introduce the wasps into the experimental cage (C), glass plate being sprayed with the Potter Spray Tower before the setup of the experimental cage (D), adult cages mounted with the Duran tube connected (E), experimental cages setup with circulating air flow allowing the elimination of possible toxic gases (F).

Notes

Published as part of Silva, Débora Mello, Carvalho, Geraldo Andrade, Bueno, Adeney de Freitas & Souza, Wellington Ribeiro, 2022, Toxicity of insecticides to the egg parasitoids Telenomus podisi and Trissolcus teretis (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae), pp. 1-10 in Revista Brasileira de Entomologia (e20220035) 66 (3) on page 3, DOI: 10.1590/1806-9665-RBENT-2022-0035, http://zenodo.org/record/13198530

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Is part of
Journal article: 10.1590/1806-9665-RBENT-2022-0035 (DOI)
Journal article: urn:lsid:plazi.org:pub:FFF48109FFAAFFC599789A34E32AFFFB (LSID)
Journal article: https://zenodo.org/record/13198530 (URL)