Glessula von Martens 1860
Authors/Creators
- 1. Animal Systematics Research Unit, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand & Department of Zoology, University of Yangon, University Avenue Road, Kamayut Township 11041, Yangon, Myanmar
- 2. Department of Life Sciences, The Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW 7 5 BD, UK
- 3. Fauna and Flora International, No. 35, 3 rd Floor, Shan Gone Condo, Myay Ni Gone Market Street, Sanchaung Township, Yangon, Myanmar
- 4. Animal Systematics Research Unit, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
- 5. Animal Systematics Research Unit, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand & Academy of Science, The Royal Society of Thailand, Bangkok 10300, Thailand
Description
Genus
Glessulavon Martens, 1860Electra Albers, 1850: 194. [non Lamouroux 1816 (Bryozoa)]. Type species: Achatina ceylanica Pfeiffer, 1845. Adams and Adams 1855: 105. Pfeiffer 1856: 168.
Cionella (Glessula) — von Martens in Albers 1860: 254. Pfeiffer and Clessin 1881: 329.
Stenogyra (Glessula) — Nevill 1878: 166.
Glessula — Tenison-Woods 1888: 1053. Beddome 1906: 160. Pilsbry 1908: 50. Gude 1914: 377. Zilch 1959: 343. van Benthem Jutting 1952: 373, 374. Schileyko 2011: 11.
Type species.
Achatina gemma Reeve, 1850 by original designation.
Diagnosis.
Shell ovate-conical in shape; spire low or high conical, and regularly attenuated; embryonic whorls smooth or with striations; subsequent whorls with equally or irregularly spaced radial striations or ribs. Aperture oblique, narrow to wide, and ovate; columella concave and truncated, and columellar margin not expanded. Penis large, thick, and moderately long; epiphallus short, stout, terminally pointed, and curved; flagellum present (rarely absent) with comb-like or hand-like structures; epiphallic caecum absent; vagina muscularly and nearly equal to ~ 1 / 5–2 / 5 of penis length.
Remarks.
Superficially, Glessula and Rishetia are similar in having a concave and truncated columella, but they differ in their shell shape and genital structure (Godwin-Austen 1920; Raheem et al. 2014; Budha et al. 2017). In terms of shell morphology, Glessula can be differentiated by its ovate-conical shape, short spire, large and blunt embryonic whorls, while Rishetia possesses a slender, conical-shaped elongate spire which narrow and rather acute embryonic whorls (Table 2). Regarding the genital characters, Rishetia exhibits a simple, tubular-shaped flagellum with the epiphallic caecum present (Table 3), while Glessula displays a well-developed comb-like flagellum (appendage) and the epiphallic caecum absent (Budha et al. 2017); except G. mandalayensis sp. nov. which has no flagellum. Likewise, Glessula is also distinct from Curvella by its concave and truncated columella, not expanded columellar margin, and obliquely narrow and ovate aperture, while Curvella possesses a straight columella, expanded columellar margin, and more vertical, higher, and broader oblong aperture.
Glessula is widely distributed throughout the Indian subcontinent, and nearly 100 species have been described (Godwin-Austen 1920; Schileyko 1999; Ramakrishna et al. 2010; MolluscaBase 2023). Among the sporadic species recorded in Southeast Asia, Myanmar has 12 species (Gude 1914; Godwin-Austen 1920), while two species, G. latestriata von Möllendorff, 1899 and G. paviei Morlet 1893, have been recorded from Vietnam, Laos, and Thailand, and another two species, G. sumatrana (von Martens, 1864) and G. wallacei (Pfeiffer, 1856) from Indonesia (Tenison-Woods 1888; van Benthem Jutting 1952; Solem 1966; Schileyko 2011; Inkhavilay et al. 2019).
In this study, only five species including a new species, G. blanfordiana Nevill, 1877, G. feddeni Godwin-Austen, 1920, G. gemma (Reeve, 1850), G. latestriata, and G. mandalayensis sp. nov. have been collected and re-described.
Notes
Files
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Linked records
Additional details
Identifiers
Biodiversity
- Scientific name authorship
- von Martens
- Kingdom
- Animalia
- Phylum
- Mollusca
- Order
- Stylommatophora
- Family
- Subulinidae
- Genus
- Glessula
- Taxon rank
- genus
- Taxonomic concept label
- Glessula Martens, 1860 sec. Man, Ablett, Lwin, Sutcharit & Panha, 2024
References
- von Martens E (1860) On the Mollusca of Siam. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 28: 6 - 18. https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 12866504
- Albers JC (1850) Die Heliceen nach naturlicher Verwandtschaft systematisch geordnet. Enslin, Berlin, 262 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 11507
- Lamouroux JVF (1816) Histoire des Polypiers Coralligènes Flexibles, Vulgairement Nommés Zoophytes. F. Poisson, Caen, 558 pp. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/11606092
- Pfeiffer L (1845) Diagnosen einiger neuer Heliceen. Zeitschrift fur Malakozoologie 2: 152 - 158. https: // biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 16291740
- Adams H, Adams A (1855) [1854–1858] The Genera of Recent Mollusca; Arranged According to their Organization. Volume 2. van Voorst, London, 661 pp. [pp 93–284 (1855)]
- Pfeiffer L (1856) Versuch einer Anordnung der Heliceen nach natürlichen Gruppen. Malakozoologische Blätter 2: 112–185. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/53876
- Albers JC (1860) Die Heliceen nach Natürlicher Verwandtschaft Systematisch Geordnet, 2 nd edn. (manuscript edited by E. von Martens). Wilhelm Englemann, Leipzig, 359 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.11218
- Pfeiffer L, Clessin S (1881) Nomenclator Heliceorum Viventium: quo continetur nomina omnium hujus familiae generum et specierum hodie cognitarum, disposita ex affinitate naturali. Kassel, Fischer, 617 pp. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/47266
- Nevill G (1878) Hand list of Mollusca in the Indian Museum, Calcutta. Part I. Gastropoda. Indian Museum, Calcutta, 338 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.11957
- Tenison-Woods JE (1888) Malaysian land and freshwater Mollusca. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales 3: 1003–1095. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.13026
- Beddome CR (1906) Notes on Indian and Ceylonese species of Glessula. The Journal of Molluscan Studies 6 (3): 160–172. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.mollus.a066160
- Pilsbry HA (1908) [1908–1910] Manual of Conchology, Structural and Systematic, with Illustrations of the Species, Series 2, Pulmonata. Volume 20: Caecilioides, Glessula and Partulidae. Conchological Section, Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, 1–336. [pls 1–43] [pp 1–64, pls 1–10 (1908); pp 65–314, pls 22–36 (1909); pp 315–336, pls 37–43 (1910)] https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/16293
- Gude GK (1914) Mollusca - II. Trochomorphidae - Janellidae. In: Shipley AE, Marshall GAK (Eds) The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma. Taylor & Francis, London, 520 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.12891
- Zilch A (1959) Gastropoda, Euthyneura. In: Schindewolf OH (Ed.) Handbuch der Paläozoologie, Band 6, Gastropoda. Gebrüder Borntraeger, Berlin, 201–400.
- van Benthem Jutting WSS (1952) Systematic studies on the non-marine Mollusca of the Ind-Australian archipelago. Treubia 21: 291–435.
- Schileyko AA (2011) Checklist of land pulmonate molluscs of Vietnam (Gastropoda: Stylommatophora). Ruthenica 21 (1): 1–68.
- Godwin-Austen HH (1920) Land and freshwater Mollusca of India, including South Arabia, Baluchistan, Afghanistan, Kashmir, Nepal, Burmah, Pegu, Tenasserim, Malay Peninsula, Ceylon, and other islands of the Indian Ocean. Supplementary to Messrs. Theobald and Hanley's Conchologia Indica. London, Taylor & Francis, Volume 3, 1–65. [pls 159–165] https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/57585
- Raheem DC, Taylor H, Ablett J, Preece RC, Aravind NA, Naggs F (2014) A systematic revision of the land snails of the Western Ghats of India. Tropical Natural History (Supplement 4): 1–294.
- Budha PB, Naggs F, Backeljau T (2017) Conchological differentiation and genital anatomy of Nepalese Glessulinae (Gastropoda, Stylommatophora, Subulinidae), with descriptions of six new species. ZooKeys 675: 129–156. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.675.13252
- Semper C (1874) [1870–1885] Reisen im Archipel der Philippinen, Theil 2. Wissenschaftliche Resultate. Band 3, Landmollusken. Wiesbaden: Kreidel, 327 pp. [pp 129–168 (1874)]
- Godwin-Austen HH (1918) Zoological results of the Abor Expedition, 1911–1912. XLIX. Mollusca, IX. Records of the Indian Museum 8 (12): 601–621. https://doi.org/10.26515/rzsi/v8/i12/1918/163139
- Schileyko AA, Kuznetsov AG (1996) A new genus of the Subulinidae (Pulmonata) from Nepal. Ruthenica 5 (2): 158–160.
- Schileyko AA (1999) Treatise on recent terrestrial pulmonate molluscs Part 4. Draparnaudiidae, Caryodidae, Macrocyclidae, Acavidae, Clavatoridae, Dorcasiidae, Sculptariidae, Corillidae, Plectopylidae, Megalobulimidae, Strophocheilidae, Cerionidae, Achatinidae, Subulinidae, Glessulidae, Micractaeonidae, Ferrussaciidae. Ruthenica (Supplement 2): 437–564.
- Godwin-Austen HH (1920) Land and freshwater Mollusca of India, including South Arabia, Baluchistan, Afghanistan, Kashmir, Nepal, Burmah, Pegu, Tenasserim, Malay Peninsula, Ceylon, and other islands of the Indian Ocean. Supplementary to Messrs. Theobald and Hanley's Conchologia Indica. London, Taylor & Francis, Volume 3, 1 - 65. [pls 159 - 165] https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / item / 57585
- Pfeiffer L (1853) Monographia Heliceorum Viventium: sistens descriptiones systematicas et criticas omnium huius familiae generum et specierum hodie cognitarum. Volumen Tertium. Lipsiae: F. A. Brockhaus, 711 pp. https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / item / 47349
- Godwin-Austen HH (1918) Zoological results of the Abor Expedition, 1911 - 1912. XLIX. Mollusca, IX. Records of the Indian Museum 8 (12): 601 - 621. https: // doi. org / 10.26515 / rzsi / v 8 / i 12 / 1918 / 163139
- Benson WH (1860) On new land-shells from Darjiling, with a series of new Indian species of Achatina. Annals & Magazine of Natural History Series 3 5 (30): 460 - 466. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222936008697255
- Budha PB, Naggs F, Backeljau T (2017) Conchological differentiation and genital anatomy of Nepalese Glessulinae (Gastropoda, Stylommatophora, Subulinidae), with descriptions of six new species. ZooKeys 675: 129 - 156. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 675.13252
- Ramakrishna, Mitra SC, Dey A (2010) Annotated checklist of Indian land molluscs. Occasional paper no. 306. Zoological Survey of India, 359 pp.
- MolluscaBase eds (2023) MolluscaBase. https://www.molluscabase.org [in 2023–07 – 17] https://doi.org/10.14284/448
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- Morlet L (1893) Descriptions ďespèces nouvelles provenant de ľIndochine. Journal de Conchyliologie 40 [1892]: 315–329.
- von Martens E (1864) Diagnosen neuer Heliceen aus dem ostasiatischen Archipel. Monatsberichte der Koniglichen Preussischen Akademien der Wissenschaften zu Berlin 1864: 523 - 529. https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 35180469 # page / 541 /
- Pfeiffer L (1856) Versuch einer Anordnung der Heliceen nach naturlichen Gruppen. Malakozoologische Blatter 2: 112 - 185. https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / item / 53876
- Solem A (1966) Some non-marine mollusks from Thailand. Spolia Zoologia Musei Hauniensis 24: 1–110.
- Inkhavilay K, Sutcharit C, Bantaowong U, Chanabun R, Siriwut W, Srisonchai R, Pholyotha A, Jirapatrasilp P, Panha S (2019) Annotated checklist of the terrestrial molluscs from Laos (Mollusca, Gastropoda). ZooKeys 834: 1–166. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.834.28800
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