A Study to Assess the Pulmonary Function Tests in Patients of Metabolic Syndrome: an Observational Study

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Abstract (English)

Abstract Aim: The aim of the present study was to assess the pulmonary function tests in patients of metabolic syndrome and to record the effects of metabolic syndrome on pulmonary function tests. Methods: The study was conducted in the Department of Medicine. 50 patients of metabolic syndrome presenting in the OPD/IPD of Anugrah Narayan Magadh Medical College and Hospital, Gaya, India for related or unrelated problems were selected for the current study and were included in the study group after applying inclusion and the exclusion criteria and after taking written informed consent. The NDD spirometer was used to conduct pulmonary function tests in this study. Results: Majority of the patients were women (72%) (n=36) while men constituted 28% (n=14) of the patients. Most of the patients belonged to the 61-70 years’ age group (n=17) followed by 41-50 years’ age group (n=13). 42% (n=21) of the patients had 4 components positive out of 5 while 36% (n=18) of the patients had 3 components positive. 22% (n=11) of the patients had all 5 components positive. Most of the patients had a restrictive pattern (44%) (n=22). 34% (n=17) of the patients had a mixed pattern while 16% (n=8) of the patients had a normal picture. Only 6% (n=3) of the patients had an obstructive pattern (p<0.001). Both FEV1 and FVC correlated negatively with BMI, FBS, waist hip ratio and SBP. Only FEV1 had a negative correlation with Hba1c whereas only FVC had a negative correlation with waist circumference. Conclusion: Our study provides an understanding on how obesity aids to the development of lung function decline and the interplay between metabolic syndrome and lung function. Patients with metabolic syndrome have significant impairment of the pulmonary function with restrictive pattern being the most common one.