Acute Kidney Injury in Patients of Falciparum and Vivax Malaria: A Observational Study
Authors/Creators
- 1. Assistant Professor, Department of Medicine, Darbhanga Medical College and Hospital, Laheriasarai, Bihar
- 2. Professor and Head of Department, Department of Medicine, Darbhanga Medical College and Hospital, Laheriasarai, Bihar
Description
Background: Acute kidney damage (AKI), a major consequence of Plasmodium falciparum malaria, is well-known; nevertheless, Plasmodium vivax malaria is now frequently responsible for this consequence. AKI is also caused by P. vivax malaria, according to numerous recent publications. The purpose of this study is to examine the demographic profile, clinical characteristics, mortality indicators, dialysis requirement, and overall outcome in P. falciparum and P. vivax malaria patients. Methods: From April 2023 to March 2024, a prospective observational study involving patients diagnosed with malaria with signs of AKI was carried out in the Department of Medicine at Darbhanga Medical College and Hospital in Laheriasarai, Bihar. Rapid malarial antigen testing and thick and thin peripheral smears stained with Leishman’s stain were used to confirm the diagnosis of malaria. A suitable statistical analysis was conducted to examine different parameters. Result: Out of 200 cases of P. falciparum and 220 cases of P. vivax malaria, 43 (21.5%) and 58 (25.1%) cases of AKI caused by P. vivax malaria, respectively. In both groups, the majority of patients were under 30 years old. The majority of those affected in both groups were female. In P. falciparum malaria, pallor, hypotension, oliguria, sepsis, and altered sensorium were frequently observed.P. vivax malaria was more likely to cause jaundice, vomiting, thrombocytopenia, hepatomegaly, and splenomegaly. In both P. falciparum and P. vivax malaria, oligouria, anemia, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), disseminated intravascular coagulopathy (DIC), cerebral malaria, hypotension, hyponatraemia, and hyperbilirubinemia were often linked independent risk factors for mortality. Patients with P. falciparum and P. vivax malaria were treated with a combination of artesunate and antimalarial drugs. Haemodialysis was used in 13 (30.23%) P. falciparum cases and 17 (29.31%) P. vivax cases. Nineteen (15.52%) patients with P. vivax malaria AKI and five (11.62%) patients with P. falciparum malaria AKI perished. Conclusion: AKI was prevalent in malaria caused by P. falciparum and P. vivax. In the majority of India, malaria significantly increases morbidity and mortality. Early detection and treatment can lead to better results.
Abstract (English)
Background: Acute kidney damage (AKI), a major consequence of Plasmodium falciparum malaria, is well-known; nevertheless, Plasmodium vivax malaria is now frequently responsible for this consequence. AKI is also caused by P. vivax malaria, according to numerous recent publications. The purpose of this study is to examine the demographic profile, clinical characteristics, mortality indicators, dialysis requirement, and overall outcome in P. falciparum and P. vivax malaria patients. Methods: From April 2023 to March 2024, a prospective observational study involving patients diagnosed with malaria with signs of AKI was carried out in the Department of Medicine at Darbhanga Medical College and Hospital in Laheriasarai, Bihar. Rapid malarial antigen testing and thick and thin peripheral smears stained with Leishman’s stain were used to confirm the diagnosis of malaria. A suitable statistical analysis was conducted to examine different parameters. Result: Out of 200 cases of P. falciparum and 220 cases of P. vivax malaria, 43 (21.5%) and 58 (25.1%) cases of AKI caused by P. vivax malaria, respectively. In both groups, the majority of patients were under 30 years old. The majority of those affected in both groups were female. In P. falciparum malaria, pallor, hypotension, oliguria, sepsis, and altered sensorium were frequently observed.P. vivax malaria was more likely to cause jaundice, vomiting, thrombocytopenia, hepatomegaly, and splenomegaly. In both P. falciparum and P. vivax malaria, oligouria, anemia, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), disseminated intravascular coagulopathy (DIC), cerebral malaria, hypotension, hyponatraemia, and hyperbilirubinemia were often linked independent risk factors for mortality. Patients with P. falciparum and P. vivax malaria were treated with a combination of artesunate and antimalarial drugs. Haemodialysis was used in 13 (30.23%) P. falciparum cases and 17 (29.31%) P. vivax cases. Nineteen (15.52%) patients with P. vivax malaria AKI and five (11.62%) patients with P. falciparum malaria AKI perished. Conclusion: AKI was prevalent in malaria caused by P. falciparum and P. vivax. In the majority of India, malaria significantly increases morbidity and mortality. Early detection and treatment can lead to better results.
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Additional details
Dates
- Accepted
-
2024-05-26
Software
- Repository URL
- https://impactfactor.org/PDF/IJPCR/16/IJPCR,Vol16,Issue6,Article56.pdf
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- Active
References
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