Ophiophagus hannah Photo
Authors/Creators
- 1. Herpetology Division, Institute of Biodiversity Science & Sustainibility, California Academy of Sciences, 55 Music Concourse Drive, San Francisco, California 94118 & Research Associate, Division of Amphibians & Reptiles, Department of Vertebrate Zoology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC, USA.
- 2. Department of Biology and Sam Noble Museum, University of Oklahoma, 2401 Chautauqua Ave., Norman, OK 73072 - 7029, USA & Zoology Division, National Museum of the Philippines, Rizal Park, Burgos Ave., Ermita 1000, Manila, Philippines.
- 3. Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology and Biodiversity Institute, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045
- 4. Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology and Biodiversity Institute, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045 & Zoology Division, National Museum of the Philippines, Rizal Park, Burgos Ave., Ermita 1000, Manila, Philippines.
Description
Ophiophagus hannah (Cantor, 1836)
Photo figure 95
King Cobra
Hamadryas hannah Cantor, 1836:87, pls. 10–12; 1838:72.
Ophiophagus hannah, Günther, 1864:341.— Leviton, 1965b:544.— Alcala, 1986a:161; 1986b:161.— Broadley, Rage, and Toriba, 1993:195.— David and Ineich, 1999:171.— Diesmos, Brown, and Gee, 2004:71.— David, Pauwels, Lays, and Lenglet. 2006:220.— Castoe et al., 2007:809 et seq.— Gaulke, 2011:324–327, figs. 322–324.— McLeod, Siler, Diesmos, Diesmos, Garcia, Arkonceo, Balaquit, Uy, Villaseran, Yarra, and Brown, 2011:189.— Siler, Welton, Brown, Infante, and Diesmos, 2011:297, fig. 1.— Siler, Welton, Siler, Brown, Bucol, Diesmos, and Brown, 2011:190.— Devan-Song and Brown, 2012:15, fig. 36.— Sy and Wallbank, 2013:110.— Leviton, Brown, and Siler, 2014:497, figs. 7A–B, 36–37.— Wallach, Williams, and Boundy, 2014:497.— Sy, de Layola, Yu, and Diesmos, 2015:220.— Sy and Boos, 2015:220.— Sanguila, Cobb, Siler, Diesmos Alcala, and Brown, 2016:14.— Supsup, Puna, Asis, Redoblado, Panaguinit, Guinto, Rico, Diesmos, Brown, and Mallari, 2016:170, fig. 34.— Sy, 2016a:263; 2016b:264.— Sy, Baniqued, and Diesmos, 2016:264.
Naja hannah, Taylor, 1922a:256, text-fig. 29, pl. 31, figs. 2–3; 1922d:139.— Smith, 1943:436.
TYPE LOCALITY AND TYPE SPECIMEN (S).— Sundarbans (also as Sunderbuns), nr. Calcutta, Bengal, India. Holotype: BMNH 1996.451.
PHILIPPINE DISTRIBUTION (Map 28D [p. 139]).— Balabac, Bohol, Catanduanes, Cebu, Dinagat, Leyte (Prov.: Leyte), Luzon (Prov.: Aurora, Benguet, Bulacan, Camarines Norte, Isabela, Kalinga, Laguna, Nueva Ecja, Nueva Vizcaya, Pangasinan, Sorsogon, Zambales), Mindanao (Prov.: Davao del Sur, Zamboanga del Norte, Zamboanga del Sur [Zamboanga City], South Cotabato), Mindoro, Negros (Prov.: Negros Oriental), Palawan, Panay (Prov.: Antique), Polillo, Romblon, Sulu Archipelago (Jolo).
GENERAL DISTRIBUTION (OTHER THAN PHILIPPINES).— Widely distributed throughout Southeast Asia, from Pakistan through South and Southeast Asia, southern China, Malaysia, Singapore, Indonesia. (See Wallach, Williams, and Boundy [2014:497] for details.)
CONSERVATION STATUS [IUCN].— Vulnerable A2acd [2016] ver. 3.1.
Notes
Files
Files
(2.7 kB)
| Name | Size | Download all |
|---|---|---|
|
md5:74171e55b79186469eac9f78126cd707
|
2.7 kB | Download |
System files
(32.6 kB)
| Name | Size | Download all |
|---|---|---|
|
md5:ad15e20a6f0520f350db1f510060ab43
|
32.6 kB | Download |
Linked records
Additional details
Identifiers
Biodiversity
- Collection code
- BMNH
- Material sample ID
- BMNH 1996.451
- Scientific name authorship
- Photo
- Kingdom
- Animalia
- Phylum
- Chordata
- Order
- Squamata
- Family
- Elapidae
- Genus
- Ophiophagus
- Species
- hannah
- Taxon rank
- species
- Type status
- holotype
- Taxonomic concept label
- Ophiophagus hannah (Cantor, 1836) sec. Leviton, Siler, Weinell & Brown, 2018
References
- CANTOR, THEODORE E. 1836. Sketch of an undescribed hooded serpent (Hamadryas hannah). Asiatic Researches 19: 87 - 93, 3 pls. [NB: Volume 19 of Asiatic Researches was published in 1836, and plates 1 through 9, associated with the pre-Cantor articles, bear imprint volume number XIX, yet the plates associated with Cantor's paper are imprinted " Vol. XX. " It is possible that Cantor's three plates were not printed with his article that appeared in vol. 19, and which likely appeared in the first half of 1836, but were included in vol. 20, which was opened later that same year. Asiatic Researches was first issued in 1788 as " Asiatic Researches; or, Transactions of the Society, instituted in Bengal, for enquiring into the History, the Antiquities, the Arts and Sciences, and Literature of Asia. Volume the First. " and printed in Calcutta by Manuel Cantopher. The first volume was reprinted in London and bears a date of 1798. Volume 19, part 1 was printed in Calcutta in 1836 by the Bengal Military Orphan Press, Calcutta under the name " Asiatic Researches ".]
- GUNTHER, ALBERT C. L. G. 1864. The Reptiles of British India. Robert Hardwick (for the Ray Society), London, England, UK. xxvii + 452, 26 pls.
- LEVITON, ALAN E. 1965 b [1964]. Contributions to a review of Philippine snakes, VII. The snakes of the genera Naja and Ophiophagus. Philippine Journal of Science 93 (4): 531 - 550.
- ALCALA, ANGEL C. 1986 a. Amphibians and Reptiles. JMC Press, Quezon City, Philippines. xiv + 195 pp. [NB: Publication sponsored by Natural Resources Center, Ministry of Natural Resources and the University of the Philippines.]
- ALCALA, ANGEL C. 1986 b. Philippine poisonous animals. Pages 77 - 158. JMC Press, Quezon City, Philippines. [NB: Publication sponsored by Natural Resources Center, Ministry of Natural Resources and the University of the Philippines.]
- BROADLEY, DONALD G., JEAN-CLAUDE RAGE, AND MICHICISA TORIBA. 1993. Naja Laurenti, 1768. Pages 184 - 193 in P. Golay, H. M. Smith, D. G. Broadley, J. R. Dixon, C. McCarthy, J. - C. Rage, B. Schatti, and M. Toriba, eds., Endoglyphs and other Major Venomous Snakes of the World. Azemiops S. A., Aire-Geneva, Switzerland.
- DIESMOS, A. C., RAFE M. BROWN, AND G. V. A. GEE. 2004. Preliminary report on the amphibians and reptiles of Balbalasang-Balbalan National Park, Luzon Island, Philippines. Sylvatrop, Technical Journal of Philippine Ecosystems and Natural Resources 13: 63 - 80.
- CASTOE, TODD A., ERIC N. SMITH, RAFE M. BROWN, AND CHRISTOPHER L. PARKINSON. 2007. Higher-level phylogeny of Asian and American coralsnakes, their placement within the Elapidae (Squamata), and the systematic affinities of the enigmatic Asian coralsnake Hemibungarus calligaster (Wiegmann, 1834). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 151: 809 - 832, 5 figs., 3 tables, Appendices 801 - 802.
- GAULKE, MAREN. 2011. The Herpetofauna of Panay Island, Philippines. Chimaira Buchhandelsgesellschaft, Frankfurt am Main, Germany. 390 pp., 258 figs.
- SILER, CAMERON D., LUKE J. WELTON, JESSI M. SILER, JOSEPH BROWN, ABNER BUCOL, ARVIN C. DIESMOS, AND RAFE M. BROWN. 2011. Amphibians and reptiles, Luzon Island, Aurora Province and Aurora Memorial National Park, northern Philippines: New island distribution records. Check List 7 (2): 182 - 195.
- BROWN, RAFE M., CARL H. OLIVEROS, CAMERON D. SILER, JASON B. FERNANDEZ, LUKE J. WELTON, PERRY ARCHIVAL C. BUENAVENTE, MAE LOWE L. DIESMOS, AND ARVIN C. DIESMOS. 2012. Amphibians and reptiles of Luzon Island (Philippines), VII: Herpetofauna of Ilocos Norte Province, Northern Cordillera Mountain Range. Check List 8 (3): 469 - 490.
- LEVITON, ALAN E., RAFE M. BROWN, AND CAMERON D. SILER. 2014. The dangerously venomous snakes of the Philippine Archipelago. Pages 473 - 530 in G. C. Williams and T. M. Gosliner, eds., The Coral Triangle: The 2011 Hearst Biodiversity Philippine Expedition. California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, California, USA.
- SY, EMERSON Y., LOUISE ABIGAEL DE LAYOLA, CHRISTOPHER MARIANO T. YU, AND ARVIN C. DIESMOS. 2015. Ophiophagus hannaha (King Cobra), Philippines: Luzon Island: Pangasinan Province. Herpetological Review 46 (2): 220.
- SANGUILA, M. B., K. A. COBB, C. D. SILER, A. C. DIESMOS, A. C. ALCALA, AND R. M. BROWN. 2016. The amphibians and reptiles of Mindanao Island, southern Philippines, II: the herpetofauna of northeast Mindanao and adjacent islands. Zookeys 624: 1 - 132, 81 figs., 2 tables. (doi: 10.3897 / zookeys. 634.9814)
- SUPSUP, CHRISTIAN E., NEVONG M. PUNA, AUGUSTO A. ASIS, BERNARD R. REDOBLADO, MARIA FATIMA G. PANAGUINIT, FAITH M. GUINTO, EDMUND B. RICO, ARVIN C. DIESMOS, RAFE M. BROWN, AND NEIL ALDRIN D. MALLARI. 2016. Amphibians and reptiles of Cebu, Philippines: The poorly understood herpetofauna of an island with very little remaining natural habitat. Asian Herpetological Research 7 (3): 151 - 179, 36 figs., 2 tables.
- SY, EMERSON Y. 2016 a. Ophiophagus hannah (King Cobra). Philippines: Cebu Island: Cebu Province: Cebu City. Herpetological Review 43 (2): 263.
- SY, EMERSON Y. 2016 b. Ophiophagus hannah (King Cobra). Philippines: Mindanao Island: Zamboanga del Norte Province. Herpetological Review 47 (2): 264.
- SY, EMERSON Y., RUSSEL D. BANIQUED, AND ARVIN C. DIESMOS. 2016. Ophiophagus hannah (King Cobra). Philippines: Luzon Island: Nueva Ecija Province. Herpetological Review 43 (2): 263.
- TAYLOR, EDWARD H. 1922 a. The Snakes of the Philippine Islands. Bureau of Science, Manila, Philippines. 312 pp., 32 text-figs., 63 tables, 37 pls.
- SMITH, MALCOLM A. 1943. The Fauna of British India, Ceylon and Burma including the Whole of the Indo- Chibnese Region. Reptilia and Amphibia. Vol. III - Serpentes. Taylor and Francis, London, England, UK. xii + 583 pp., 166 text-figs., fold-out map.