Biodiversity Literature Repository

Submit to community
Liberated Data
Published April 7, 2022 | Version v1
Journal article Open

Confounding factors affecting faecal egg count reduction as a measure of anthelmintic efficacy

Authors/Creators

  • 1. School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, 19, Chlorine Gardens, BT9 5DL Belfast, United Kingdom
  • 2. Laboratorio de Farmacología, Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil (CIVETAN) (UNCPBA-CICPBA-CONICET),
  • 3. Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, Via Delpino, 1, 80137 Naples, Italy
  • 4. Kreavet, Hendrik Mertensstraat 17, 9150 Kruibeke, Belgium
  • 5. Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Gent, Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium

Description

Morgan, Eric R., Lanusse, Carlos, Rinaldi, Laura, Charlier, Johannes, Vercruysse, Jozef (2022): Confounding factors affecting faecal egg count reduction as a measure of anthelmintic efficacy. Parasite (Paris, France) 29 (20): 1-13, DOI: 10.1051/parasite/2022017, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/parasite/2022017

Files

source.pdf

Files (767.8 kB)

Name Size Download all
md5:a3a195d62d8c847fd3662c487cbc7b1f
767.8 kB Preview Download

Linked records

Additional details

Identifiers

LSID
urn:lsid:plazi.org:pub:FFA1FFD6FF8C847FD3662C48FFBC7B1F

Related works

Has part
Dataset: http://table.plazi.org/id/DF4E6630FF8E847DD3172CA6FF127A21 (URL)
Figure: 10.5281/zenodo.12524474 (DOI)
Figure: 10.5281/zenodo.12524476 (DOI)

References

  • 1. Albonico M, Matthema P, Montresor A, Khakurel B, Reggi V, Pandey S, Savioli L. 2007. Comparative study of quality and efficacy of originator and generic ABZ for the mass treatment of soil-transmitted nematode infections in Nepal. Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 101, 454-460.
  • 2. Ali D, Hennessy D. 1995. The effect of reduced feed intake on the efficacy of oxfendazole against benzimidazole resistant Haemonchus contortus and Trichostrongylus colubriformis in sheep. International Journal for Parasitology, 25, 71-74.
  • 3. Alvarez L, Mottier L, Lanusse C. 2007. Drug transfer into target helminth parasites. Trends in Parasitology, 23, 97-104.
  • 4. Alvarez L, Sanchez S, Lanusse C. 1997. Modified plasma and abomasal disposition of albendazole in nematode-infected sheep. Veterinary Parasitology, 69, 241-253.
  • 5. Avramenko RW, Redman EM, Lewis R, Bichuette MA, Palmeira BM, Yazwinski TA, Gilleard JS. 2017. The use of nemabiome metabarcoding to explore gastro-intestinal nematode species diversity and anthelmintic treatment effectiveness in beef calves. International Journal for Parasitology, 47, 893-902.
  • 6. Bousquet-Melou A, Mercadier S, Alvinerie M, Toutain PL. 2011. Licking behaviour induces partial anthelmintic efficacy of ivermectin pour-on formulation in untreated cattle. International Journal for Parasitology, 41, 563-569.
  • 7. Cabaret J, Berrag BB. 2004. Faecal egg count reduction test for assessing anthelmintic efficacy: average versus individually based estimations. Veterinary Parasitology, 121, 105-113.
  • 8. Calvete C, Uriarte J. 2013. Improving the detection of anthelmintic resistance: evaluation of faecal egg count reduction test procedures suitable for farm routines. Veterinary Parasitology, 196, 438-452.
  • 9. Ceriac S, Durbant P, Godard X, Barbier C, Feuillet D, Felicite Y, Archimede H, Bambou JC. 2019. Effect of the nutritional status of Creole goats on the density-dependent prolificacy of Haemonchus contortus. Veterinary Parasitology, 276, 108973.
  • 10. Charlier J, Hoglund J, Morgan ER, Geldhof P, Vercruysse J, Claerebout E. 2020. Biology and epidemiology of gastrointestinal nematodes in cattle. Veterinary Clinics of North America Food Animal Practice, 36, 1-16.
  • 11. Charlier J, Morgan ER, Rinaldi L, van Dijk J, Demeler J, Hoglund J, Hertzberg H, Van Ranst B, Hendrickx G, Vercruysse J, Kenyon F. 2014. Practices to optimize gastrointestinal nematode control on sheep, goat and cattle farms in Europe using targeted (selective) treatments. Veterinary Record, 175, 250-255.
  • 12. Charlier J, Rinaldi L, Musella V, Ploeger HW, Chartier C, Vineer HR, Hinney B, von Samson-Himmelstjerna G, Bacescu B, Mickiewicz M, Mateus TL, Martinez-Valladares M, Quealy S, Azaizeh H, Sekovska B, Akkari H, Petkevicius S, Hektoen L, Hoglund J, Morgan ER, Bartley DJ, Claerebout E. 2020. Initial assessment of the economic burden of major parasitic helminth infections to the ruminant livestock industry in Europe. Preventive Veterinary Medicine, 182, 105103.
  • 13. Charlier J, Thamsborg SM, Bartley DJ, Skuce PJ, Kenyon F, Geurden T, Hoste H, Williams AR, Sotiraki S, Hoglund J, Chartier C, Geldhof P, van Dijk J, Rinaldi L, Morgan ER, von Samson-Himmelstjerna G, Vercruysse J, Claerebout E. 2018. Mind the gaps in research on the control of gastrointestinal nematodes of farmed ruminants and pigs. Transboundary and Emerging Diseases, 65, 217-234.
  • 14. Chylinski C, Lhermine E, Coquille M, Cabaret J. 2014. Desiccation tolerance of gastrointestinal nematode third stage larvae: exploring the effects on survival and fitness. Parasitology Research, 113, 2789-2796.
  • 15. Clerc M, Babayan SA, Fenton A, Pedersen AB. 2019. Age affects antibody levels and anthelmintic treatment efficacy in a wild rodent. International Journal for Parasitology - Parasites and Wildlife, 8, 240-247.
  • 16. Coles GC, Bauer C, Borgsteede FHM, Geerts S, Klei TR, Taylor MA, Waller PJ. 1992. World Association for the Advancement of Veterinary Parasitology (WAAVP) methods for the detection of anthelmintic resistance in nematodes of veterinary importance. Veterinary Parasitology, 44, 35-44.
  • 17. Cortes A, Toledo R, Cantacessi C. 2018. Classic models for new perspectives: delving into helminth-microbiota-immune system interactions. Trends in Parasitology, 34, 640-654.
  • 18. Coyne MJ, Smith G, Johnstone C. 1991. Fecundity of gastrointestinal trichostrongylid nematodes of sheep in the field. American Journal of Veterinary Research, 52, 1182-1188.
  • 19. Craven J, Bjorn H, Hennessy DR, Friis C. 2002. The effects of body composition on the pharmacokinetics of subcutaneously injected ivermectin and moxidectin in pigs. Journal of Veterinary Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 25, 227-232.
  • 20. Crawley JAH, Chapman SN, Lummaa V, Lynsdale CL. 2016. Testing storage methods of faecal samples for subsequent measurement of helminth numbers in the domestic horse. Veterinary Parasitology, 221, 130-133.
  • 21. Debackere M, Landuyt J, Vercruysse J, McKellar Q. 1993. The influence of Ostertagia circumcincta and Trichostrongylus colubriformis infections on the pharmacokinetics of febantel in lambs. Journal of Veterinary Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 16, 261-274.
  • 22. Denwood MJ, Love S, Innocent GT, Matthews L, McKendrick IJ, Hillary N, Smith A, Reid SWJ. 2012. Quantifying the sources of variability in equine faecal egg counts: Implications for improving the utility of the method. Veterinary Parasitology, 188, 120-126.
  • 23. Denwood MJ, Reid SWJ, Love S, Nielsen MK, Matthews L, McKendrick IJ, Innocent GT. 2010. Comparison of three alternative methods for analysis of equine Faecal Egg Count Reduction Test data. Preventive Veterinary Medicine, 93, 316-323.
  • 24. El-Abdellati A, Charlier J, Geldhof P, Levecke B, Demeler J, von Samson-Himmelstjerna G, Claerebout E, Vercruysse J. 2010. The use of simplified faecal egg count reduction test for assessing anthelmintic efficacy on Belgian and German cattle farms. Veterinary Parasitology, 169, 352-357.
  • 25. Evans MJ, Chaudry UN, Costa-Junior LM, Hamer K, Leeson SR, Sargison ND. 2021. A 4 year observation of gastrointestinal nematode counts, nemabiomes and the benzimidazole resistance genotypes of Teladorsagia circumcincta on a Scottish sheep farm. International Journal for Parasitology, 51, 393-403.
  • 26. Falzon LC, O' Neill TJ, Menzies PI, Peregrine AS, JonesBitton A, Van Leeuwen J, Mederos A. 2014. A systematic review and meta-analysis of factors associated with anthelmintic resistance in sheep. Preventive Veterinary Medicine, 117, 388-402.
  • 27. Foreyt WJ. 1986. Recovery of nematode eggs and larvae in deer: evaluation of fecal preservation methods. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association, 189, 1065-1067.
  • 28. Galtier P, Alvinerie M, Plusquellec Y, Tufenkji A, Houin G. 1991. Decrease in albendazole sulphonation during experimental fascioliasis in sheep. Xenobiotica, 21, 917-924.
  • 29. Galtier P, Larrieu G, Tufenkji A, Franc M. 1986. Incidence of experimental fascioliasis on the activity of drug-metabolizing enzymes in lamb liver. Drug Metabolism and Disposition, 14, 137-141.
  • 30. Gaudin E, Simon M, Quijada J, Schelcher F, Sutra JF, Lespine A, Hoste H. 2016. Efficacy of sainfoin (Onobrychis viciifolia) pellets against multi resistant Haemonchus contortus and interaction with oral ivermectin: Implications for on-farm control. Veterinary Parasitology, 227, 122-129.
  • 31. George MM, Paras KL, Howell SB, Kaplan RM. 2017. Utilization of composite fecal samples for detection of anthelmintic resistance in gastrointestinal nematodes of cattle. Veterinary Parasitology, 240, 24-29.
  • 32. Gopal RM, West DM, Pomroy WE. 2001. The difference in efficacy of ivermectin oral, moxidectin oral and moxidectin injectable formulations against an ivermectin-resistant strain of Trichostrongylus colubriformis in sheep. New Zealand Veterinary Journal, 49, 133-137.
  • 33. Hennessy D. 1993. Pharmacokinetic disposition of benzimidazole drugs in the ruminant gastrointestinal tract. Parasitology Today, 9, 329-333.
  • 34. Hoste H, Chartier C, Etter E, Goudeau C, Soubirac F, Lefrileux Y. 2000. A questionnaire survey on the practices adopted to control gastrointestinal nematode parasitism in dairy goat farms in France. Veterinary Research Communications, 24, 459-469.
  • 35. Hoste H, Torres-Acosta JFJ, Sandoval-Castro CA, MuellerHarvey I, Sotiraki S, Louvandini H, Thamsborg SM, Terrill TH. 2015. Tannin containing legumes as a model for nutraceuticals against digestive parasites in livestock. Veterinary Parasitology, 212, 5-17.
  • 36. Irvine RJ, Stien A, Dallas JF, Halvorsen O, Langvatn R, Albon SD. 2001. Contrasting regulation of fecundity in two abomasal nematodes of Svalbard reindeer (Rangifer tarandus platyrhynchus). Parasitology, 122, 673-681.
  • 37. Kaplan R. 2020. Biology, epidemiology, diagnosis and management of anthelmintic resistance in gastrointestinal nematodes of livestock. Veterinary Clinics of North America Food Animal Practice, 36, 17-30.
  • 38. Kelleher AC, Good B, Keane OM. 2020. Anthelmintic resistance among gastrointestinal nematodes of cattle on dairy calf to beef farms in Ireland. Irish Veterinary Journal, 73, 12.
  • 39. Kelly JD, Chevis RAF, Goodman HT. 1975. Effect of particle size on anthelmintic efficacy of mebendazole against Nippostrongylus brasiliensis in rat. International Journal for Parasitology, 5, 275-280.
  • 40. Kingsley P. 2015. Inscrutable medicines and marginal markets: tackling substandard veterinary drugs in Nigeria. Pastoralism Research Policy and Practice, 5, 2.
  • 41. Kopp SR, Coleman GT, McCarthy JS, Kotze AC. 2008. Application of in vitro anthelmintic sensitivity assays to canine parasitology: Detecting resistance to pyrantel in Ancylostoma caninum. Veterinary Parasitology, 152, 284-293.
  • 42. Kotze AC, Gilleard JS, Doyle SR, Prichard RK. 2020. Challenges and opportunities for the adoption of molecular diagnostics for anthelmintic resistance. International Journal for Parasitology, 14, 264-273.
  • 43. Kotze AC, Kopp SR. 2008. The potential impact of density dependent fecundity on the use of the faecal egg count reduction test for detecting drug resistance in human hookworms. PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases, 2, e297.
  • 44. Laffont CM, Alvinerie M, Bousquet-Melou A, Toutain PL. 2001. Licking behaviour and environmental contamination arising from pour-on ivermectin for cattle. International Journal for Parasitology, 31, 1687-1692.
  • 45. Lanusse C, Alvarez L, Lifschitz A. 2014. Pharmacological knowledge and sustainable anthelmintic therapy in ruminants. Veterinary Parasitology, 204, 18-33.
  • 46. Lanusse C, Canton C, Virkel G, Alvarez L, Costa-Junior L, Lifschitz A. 2018. Strategies to optimize the efficacy of anthelmintic drugs in ruminants. Trends in Parasitology, 34, 664-682.
  • 47. Lanusse C, Prichard R. 1993. Clinical pharmacokinetics and metabolism of benzimidazole anthelmintics in ruminants. Drug Metabolism Reviews, 25, 235-279.
  • 48. Leathwick DM, Luo D. 2017. Managing anthelmintic resistance - variability in the dose of drug reaching the target worms influences selection for resistance? Veterinary Parasitology, 243, 29-35.
  • 49. Leathwick DM, Miller CM. 2013. Efficacy of oral, injectable and pour-on formulations of moxidectin against gastrointestinal nematodes in cattle in New Zealand. Veterinary Parasitology, 191, 293-300.
  • 50. Le Jambre LF, Dominik S, Eady SJ, Henshall JM, Colditz IG. 2007. Adjusting worm egg counts for faecal moisture in sheep. Veterinary Parasitology, 145, 108-115.
  • 51. Lello J, McClure SJ, Tyrrell K, Viney ME. 2018. Predicting the effects of parasite co-infection across species boundaries. Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, 285, 1874.
  • 52. Lespine A, Sutra JF, Dupuy J, Alvinerie M, Aumont G. 2004. The influence of parasitism on the pharmacokinetics of moxidectin in lambs. Parasitology Research, 93, 121-126.
  • 53. Levecke B, Dobson RJ, Speybroeck N, Vercruysse J, Charlier J. 2012. Novel insights in the faecal egg count reduction test for monitoring drug efficacy against gastrointestinal nematodes of veterinary importance. Veterinary Parasitology, 188, 391-396.
  • 54. Levecke B, Kaplan RM, Thamsborg SM, Torgerson PR, Vercruysse J, Dobson RJ. 2018. How to improve the standardization and the diagnostic performance of the fecal egg count reduction test? Veterinary Parasitology, 253, 71-78.
  • 55. Lifschitz A, Lanusse C, Alvarez L. 2017. Host pharmacokinetics and drug accumulation of anthelmintics within target helminth parasites of ruminants. New Zealand Veterinary Journal, 65, 176-184.
  • 56. Lifschitz A, Sallovitz J, Imperiale F, Pis A, Lanusse C. 2004. Pharmacokinetic evaluation of four ivermectin generic formulations in calves. Veterinary Parasitology, 119, 247-257.
  • 57. Lifschitz A, Virkel G, Ballent M, Sallovitz J, Pis A, Lanusse C. 2007. Ivermectin (3.15%) long-acting formulations in cattle: absorption pattern and pharmacokinetic considerations. Veterinary Parasitology, 147, 303-310.
  • 58. Lloberas M, Alvarez M, Entrocasso C, Virkel G, Lanusse C, Lifschitz A. 2012. Measurement of ivermectin concentrations in target worms and host gastrointestinal tissues: influence of the route of administration on the activity against resistant Haemonchus contortus in lambs. Experimental Parasitology, 131, 304-309.
  • 59. McIntyre J, Hamer K, Morrison AA, Bartley DJ, Sargison N, Devaney E, Laing R. 2018. Hidden in plain sight - multiple resistant species within a strongyle community. Veterinary Parasitology, 258, 79-87.
  • 60. McKellar QA, Gokbulut C. 2012. Pharmacokinetic features of the antiparasitic macrocyclic lactones. Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, 13, 888-911.
  • 61. McKenna PB. 1997. Anthelmintic treatment and the suppression of egg production in gastro-intestinal nematodes of sheep and cattle: fact or fallacy? New Zealand Veterinary Journal, 45, 173-177.
  • 62. Marcos LA, Yi P, Machiado A, Andrade R, Samalvides F, Sanchez J, Terashima A. 2007. Hepatic fibrosis and Fasciola hepatica infection in cattle. Journal of Helminthology, 81, 381-386.
  • 63. Martinez MN, Court MH, Fink-Gremmels J, Mealey KL. 2018. Population variability in animal health: influence on dose-exposure-response relationships: part I: drug metabolism and transporter systems. Journal of Veterinary Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 41, E57-E67.
  • 64. Mate ML, Geary T, Mackenzie C, Lanusse C, Virkel G. 2017. Species differences in hepatic biotransformation of the anthelmintic drug flubendazole. Journal of Veterinary Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 40, 493-499.
  • 65. Matthews JB. 2014. Anthelmintic resistance in equine nematodes. International Journal for Parasitology - Drugs and Drug Resistance, 4, 310-315.
  • 66. Maurelli MP, Dourado Martins OM, Morgan ER, Charlier J, Cringoli G, Mateus TL, Bacescu B, Chartier C, Claerebout E, de Waal T, Helm C, Hertzberg H, Hinney B, Hoglund J, Kyrianova IA, Mickiewicz M, Petkevicius S, Simin S, Sotiraki S, Tosheska M, Toth M, Martinez-Valladares M, Varady M, Sekovska B, von Samson-Himmelstjerna G, Rinaldi L. 2020. A qualitative market analysis applied to mini-FLOTAC and fill-FLOTAC for diagnosis of helminth infections in ruminants. Frontiers in Veterinary Science, 7, 580649.
  • 67. Miller CM, Waghorn TS, Leathwick DM, Candy PM, Oliver AMB, Watson TG. 2012. The production cost of anthelmintic resistance in lambs. Veterinary Parasitology, 186, 376-381.
  • 68. Mohammedsalih KM, Krucken J, Bashar A, Juma FR, Abdalmalik AAH, Khalafalla A, Abakar A, Coles G, von Samson-Himmelstjerna G. 2021. Susceptible trichostrongyloid species mask presence of benzimidazole-resistant Haemonchus contortus in cattle. Parasites and Vectors, 14, 101.
  • 69. Morgan ER, Aziz NA, Blanchard A, Charlier J, Charvet C, Claerebout E, Geldhof P, Greer AW, Hertzberg H, Hodgkinson J, Hoglund J, Hoste H, Kaplan RM, Martinez-Valladares M, Mitchell S, Ploeger HW, Rinaldi L, von Samson-Himmelstjerna G, Sotiraki S, Schnyder M, Skuce P, Bartley D, Kenyon F, Thamsborg SM, Vineer HR, de Waal T, Williams AR, van Wyk JA, Vercruysse J. 2019. 100 questions in livestock helminthology research. Trends in Parasitology, 35, 52-71.
  • 70. Nielsen MK, Vidyashankar AN, Andersen UV, Delisi K, Pilegaard K, Kaplan RM. 2010. Effects of fecal collection and storage factors on strongylid egg counts in horses. Veterinary Parasitology, 167, 55-61.
  • 71. Ortiz P, Castope N, Cabrera M, Lanusse C, Alvarez L. 2014. Pharmacokinetic evaluation of different generic triclabendazole formulations in heifers. New Zealand Veterinary Journal, 62, 279-285.
  • 72. Perez R, Palma C, Nunez MJ, Cabezas I. 2008. Patterns of doramectin tissue residue depletion in parasitized vs nonparasitized lambs. Parasitology Research, 102, 1051-1057.
  • 73. Ploeger HW, Kloosterman A, Rietveld FW. 1995. Acquiredimmunity against Cooperia spp. and Ostertagia spp. in calves - effect of level of exposure and timing of the midsummer increase. Veterinary Parasitology, 58, 61-74.
  • 74. Prichard R, Hennessy D. 1981. Effects of esophageal groove closure on the pharmacokinetic behaviour and efficacy of oxfendazole in sheep. Research in Veterinary Science, 30, 22-27.
  • 75. Rehbein S, Barrick RA, Batty AF, Drag MD, Rolfe PF, Cox JL. 1999. Evaluation of the effect of simulated rainfall on the efficacy of Ivomec Pour-on against Cooperia spp. infection in cattle. Parasitology Research, 85, 783-786.
  • 76. Rinaldi L, Amadesi A, Dufourd E, Bosco A, Gadanho M, Lehebel A, Maurelli MP, Chauvin A, Charlier J, Cringoli G, Ravinet N, Chartier N. 2019. Rapid assessment of faecal egg count and faecal egg count reduction through composite sampling in cattle. Parasites and Vectors, 12, 353.
  • 77. Rose Vineer H, Baber P, White T, Morgan ER. 2019. Reduced egg shedding in nematode-resistant ewes and projected epidemiological benefits under climate change. International Journal for Parasitology, 49, 901-910.
  • 78. Rose Vineer H, Morgan ER, Hertzberg H, Bartley DJ, Bosco A, Charlier J, Chartier C, Claerebout E, de Waal T, Hendrickx G, Hinney B, Hoglund J, Jezek J, Kasny M, Keane OM, Martinez-Valladares M, Letra Mateus T, McIntyre J, Mickiewicz M, Munoz AM, Phythian CJ, Ploeger HW, Vergles Rataj A, Skuce PJ, Simin S, Sotiraki S, Spinu M, Stuen S, Thamsborg STM, Vadlejch J, Varady M, von Samson-Himmelstjerna G, Rinaldi L. 2020. Increasing importance of anthelmintic resistance in European livestock: creation and meta-analysis of an open database. Parasite, 27, 69.
  • 79. Sallovitz J, Lifschitz A, Lanusse C. 2002. Breed differences on the plasma availability of moxidectin administered pour-on to cattle. Veterinary Journal, 164, 47-53.
  • 80. Sallovitz J, Lifschitz A, Virkel G, Lanusse C. 2005. Doramectin concentration profiles in the gastrointestinal tract of topicallytreated calves: influence of animal licking restriction. Veterinary Parasitology, 133, 61-70.
  • 81. Sanchez SF, Alvarez LI, Lanusse CE. 1996. Nutritional condition affects the disposition kinetics of albendazole in cattle. Xenobiotica, 26, 307-319.
  • 82. Sanchez S, Alvarez L, Pis A, Quiroga M, Lanusse C. 1999. Differences in plasma and abomasal kinetics of albendazole and its metabolites in calves grazed on pasture or fed a grain-based diet. Research in Veterinary Science, 66, 223-230.
  • 83. Sanchez S, Alvarez L, Sallovitz J, Lanusse C. 2000. Enhanced plasma and target tissues availabilities of albendazole and its metabolites in fasted calves: evaluation of different fasting intervals. Journal of Veterinary Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 23, 193-201.
  • 84. Sargison ND, Jackson F, Bartley DJ, Wilson DJ, Stenhouse LJ, Penny CD. 2007. Observations on the emergence of multiple anthelmintic resistance in sheep flocks in the south-east of Scotland. Veterinary Parasitology, 145, 65-76.
  • 85. Saumell C, Lifschitz A, Baroni R, Fuse L, Bistoletti M, Sagues F, Bruno S, Alvarez G, Lanusse C, Alvarez L. 2017. The route of administration drastically affects ivermectin activity against small strongyles in horses. Veterinary Parasitology, 236, 62-67.
  • 86. Sengupta ME, Thapa S, Thamsborg SM, Mejer H. 2016. Effect of vacuum packing and temperature on survival and hatching of strongyle eggs in faecal samples. Veterinary Parasitology, 217, 21-24.
  • 87. Suarez G, Alvarez L, Castells D, Correa O, Fagiolino P, Lanusse C. 2011. Comparative drug systemic exposure and clinical efficacy against resistant nematodes in lambs treated with different albendazole formulations. Journal of Veterinary Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 34, 557-564.
  • 88. Sutherland IA, Leathwick DM. 2011. Anthelmintic resistance in nematode parasites of cattle: a global issue? Trends in Parasitology, 27, 176-181.
  • 89. Toutain PL, Modric S, Bousquet-Melou A, Sallovitz J, Lanusse C. 2012. Should licking behavior be considered in the bioavailability evaluation of transdermal products? Journal of Veterinary Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 35, 39-43.
  • 90. Turner WC, Cizauskas CA, Getz WM. 2010. Variation in faecal water content may confound estimates of gastro-intestinal parasite intensity in wild African herbivores. Journal of Helminthology, 84, 99-105.
  • 91. Van Dijk J, Morgan ER. 2012. Climate and the epidemiology of gastrointestinal nematode infections of sheep in Europe. Veterinary Parasitology, 189, 8-14.
  • 92. Vercruysse J, Charlier J, Van Dijk J, Morgan ER, Geary T, Von Samson-Himmelstjerna G, Claerebout E. 2018. Control of helminth infections by 2030. Parasitology, 145, 1655-1664.
  • 93. Vercruysse J, Deprez P, Everaert D, Bassissi F, Alvinerie M. 2008. Breed differences in the pharmacokinetics of ivermectin administered subcutaneously to Holstein and Belgian Blue calves. Veterinary Parasitology, 152, 136-140.
  • 94. Verschave SH, Rose H, Morgan ER, Claerebout E, Vercruysse J, Charlier J. 2016. Modelling Cooperia oncophora: quantification of key parameters in the parasitic phase. Veterinary Parasitology, 223, 111-114.
  • 95. Verschave SH, Vercruysse J, Claerebout E, Rose H, Morgan ER, Charlier J. 2014. The parasitic phase of Ostertagia ostertagi: quantification of the main life history traits through systematic review and meta-analysis. International Journal for Parasitology, 44, 1091-1104.
  • 96. Virkel G, Lifschitz A, Pis A, Lanusse C. 1999. Influence of diet on the pattern of gastrointestinal biotransformation of anthelmintic drugs in sheep. European Journal of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, 24, 31-37.
  • 97. Virkel G, Lifschitz A, Sallovitz J, Pis A, Lanusse C. 2004. Comparative hepatic and extrahepatic enantioselective sulfoxidation of albendazole and fenbendazole in sheep and cattle. Drug Metabolism and Disposition, 32, 536-544.
  • 98. Viviani P, Lifschitz AL, Luque SE, Lloberas MM, Mate ML, Cardozo PA, Lanusse CE, Virkel GL. 2019. Pharmacologic interaction between oxfendazole and triclabendazole: In vitro biotransformation and systemic exposure in sheep. Experimental Parasitology, 204, 107718.
  • 99. Wang C, Torgerson PR, Kaplan RM, George MM, Furrer R. 2018. Modelling anthelmintic resistance by extending eggCounts package to allow individual efficacy. International Journal for Parasitology - Drugs and Drug Resistance, 8, 386-393.
  • 100. Wesche D, Barnish G. 1994. A comparative study of the effectiveness of mebendazole (Janssen) and generically equivalent mebendazole (Nordia) in intestinal helminthiasis in Papua New Guinean children. Papua New Guinea Medical Journal, 37, 7-11.
  • 101. Wood IB, Amaral NK, Bairden K, Duncan JL, Kassai T, Malone JB, Pankavich JA, Reinecke RK, Slocombe O, Taylor SM, Vercruysse J. 1995. World Association for the Advancement of Veterinary Parasitology (W.A.A.V.P.) second edition of guidelines for evaluating the efficacy of anthelmintics in ruminants (bovine, ovine, caprine). Veterinary Parasitology, 58, 181-213.