To Investigate the Prevalence of Risk Factors of Kidney Stones: An Observational Study
Authors/Creators
- 1. Assistant Professor, Department of Urology, AIIMS, Patna, Bihar, India
- 2. Medical Officer, Department of Microbiology, BMIMS, Pawapuri, Nalanda, Bihar, India
- 3. Assistant Professor, Department of Medicine, BMIMS, Pawapuri, Nalanda, Bihar, India
Description
Abstract
Aim: The aim of the present study was to investigate the prevalence of risk factors of kidney stones.
Methods: The present study was conducted in the Department of Urology and we recruited a total of 200
participants of both genders aged 35–70 years.
Results: We compared the distribution of lifestyle- related variables, as well as, history of diabetes and high blood
pressure between the two groups. The prevalence of kidney stone was associated with alcohol drinking and
smoking. Moreover, kidney stone was more prevalent in the people with middle-high WSI, high BMI, and with a
history of diabetes and blood pressure. Majority of the case group (people with kidney stone) was male and had
significantly higher alcohol consumption and middle to higher WSI in comparison to the control group (people
without kidney stone). Consumption of purified drinking water was considerably lower in the case group compared with the control group. In addition, the cases were more likely to have a high BMI, history of diabetes and
high blood pressure compared with the study controls. The related factors associated with kidney stone in
Univariate analysis were also assessed and the subjects with kidney stone were compared with the normal subjects.
The odds of having kidney stone were estimated for twelve factors: gender, age, education level, WSI, cigarette
smoking, alcohol drinking, opium consumption, hookah smoking, BMI, consumption of purified water in lifetime,
and history of chronic disease (diabetes and hypertension). It was found that all of these factors with the exception
of cigarette smoking were significantly associated with kidney stone in the Univariate analysis.
Conclusion: According to the results of the present study, factors such as gender, hypertension, obesity, diabetes
and personal habits like alcohol consumption and cigarette smoking are related with the development of kidney
stones. So, by identifying the susceptible patients and teaching them, the burden of the disease on society and the
individual can be reduced.
Abstract (English)
Abstract
Aim: The aim of the present study was to investigate the prevalence of risk factors of kidney stones.
Methods: The present study was conducted in the Department of Urology and we recruited a total of 200
participants of both genders aged 35–70 years.
Results: We compared the distribution of lifestyle- related variables, as well as, history of diabetes and high blood
pressure between the two groups. The prevalence of kidney stone was associated with alcohol drinking and
smoking. Moreover, kidney stone was more prevalent in the people with middle-high WSI, high BMI, and with a
history of diabetes and blood pressure. Majority of the case group (people with kidney stone) was male and had
significantly higher alcohol consumption and middle to higher WSI in comparison to the control group (people
without kidney stone). Consumption of purified drinking water was considerably lower in the case group compared with the control group. In addition, the cases were more likely to have a high BMI, history of diabetes and
high blood pressure compared with the study controls. The related factors associated with kidney stone in
Univariate analysis were also assessed and the subjects with kidney stone were compared with the normal subjects.
The odds of having kidney stone were estimated for twelve factors: gender, age, education level, WSI, cigarette
smoking, alcohol drinking, opium consumption, hookah smoking, BMI, consumption of purified water in lifetime,
and history of chronic disease (diabetes and hypertension). It was found that all of these factors with the exception
of cigarette smoking were significantly associated with kidney stone in the Univariate analysis.
Conclusion: According to the results of the present study, factors such as gender, hypertension, obesity, diabetes
and personal habits like alcohol consumption and cigarette smoking are related with the development of kidney
stones. So, by identifying the susceptible patients and teaching them, the burden of the disease on society and the
individual can be reduced.
Files
IJCPR,Vol15,Issue10,Article129.pdf
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Additional details
Dates
- Accepted
-
2023-09-23