A Descriptive Cross-Sectional Study Assessing the Risk Factors Associated with Sensorineural Hearing Loss in Patients with Systemic Hypertension
Authors/Creators
- 1. Senior Resident, Department of ENT, Government Medical College and Hospital, Bettiah, Bihar, India
- 2. 3 Associate Professor and HOD, Department of ENT, Government Medical College and Hospital, Bettiah, Bihar, India
Description
Abstract
Aim: The aim of the present study was to find the prevalence and risk factors associated with sensorineural
hearing loss in patients with systemic hypertension.
Material & methods: A cross-sectional study conducted during the period of 18 months aimed at finding out
the prevalence of sensorineural hearing loss and the risk factors related to hearing impairment among systemic
hypertensives in Department of ENT. 100 patients attending the outpatient Department of ENT, meeting the
inclusion and exclusion criteria were recruited for the study.
Results: Maximum participants were in the 56-60 age group (47%). Female participants predominated in our
study (66%). When right ear and left ear were studied separately, 35 patients (35%) had sensorineural hearing
loss in the right ear, whereas 33 patients (33%) had sensorineural hearing loss in left ear. When hearing
thresholds at individual frequencies were noted, in the right ear 42 patients (42%) had hearing loss at 250 Hz, 34
patients (34%) had hearing loss at 500 Hz. Similarly, in the left ear, 37 patients (37%) had hearing loss at 250
Hz, 33 patients (33%) had hearing loss at 500 Hz. The patients in 55-60 age group had a higher incidence of
hearing loss when compared to the remaining study population. In our study we found that increasing age is a
risk factor for sensorineural hearing loss in hypertensives. We studied whether duration of hypertension has any
bearing on the development of sensorineural hearing loss and found out that patients with more than 10 years
duration of hypertension had the highest prevalence of sensorineural hearing loss.
Conclusion: Sensorineural hearing loss has a high prevalence among patients with systemic hypertension.
Hence, a pure tone audiometry should be done routinely in all hypertensives, particularly in elderly patients with
long standing systemic hypertension. Periodic audiological assessment should be incorporated in them to start
rehabilitation as early as possible. Early diagnosis of systemic hypertension in the community and initiation of
treatment can help to further hinder the progression of microvascular disease that leads to target organ damage.
Abstract (English)
Abstract
Aim: The aim of the present study was to find the prevalence and risk factors associated with sensorineural
hearing loss in patients with systemic hypertension.
Material & methods: A cross-sectional study conducted during the period of 18 months aimed at finding out
the prevalence of sensorineural hearing loss and the risk factors related to hearing impairment among systemic
hypertensives in Department of ENT. 100 patients attending the outpatient Department of ENT, meeting the
inclusion and exclusion criteria were recruited for the study.
Results: Maximum participants were in the 56-60 age group (47%). Female participants predominated in our
study (66%). When right ear and left ear were studied separately, 35 patients (35%) had sensorineural hearing
loss in the right ear, whereas 33 patients (33%) had sensorineural hearing loss in left ear. When hearing
thresholds at individual frequencies were noted, in the right ear 42 patients (42%) had hearing loss at 250 Hz, 34
patients (34%) had hearing loss at 500 Hz. Similarly, in the left ear, 37 patients (37%) had hearing loss at 250
Hz, 33 patients (33%) had hearing loss at 500 Hz. The patients in 55-60 age group had a higher incidence of
hearing loss when compared to the remaining study population. In our study we found that increasing age is a
risk factor for sensorineural hearing loss in hypertensives. We studied whether duration of hypertension has any
bearing on the development of sensorineural hearing loss and found out that patients with more than 10 years
duration of hypertension had the highest prevalence of sensorineural hearing loss.
Conclusion: Sensorineural hearing loss has a high prevalence among patients with systemic hypertension.
Hence, a pure tone audiometry should be done routinely in all hypertensives, particularly in elderly patients with
long standing systemic hypertension. Periodic audiological assessment should be incorporated in them to start
rehabilitation as early as possible. Early diagnosis of systemic hypertension in the community and initiation of
treatment can help to further hinder the progression of microvascular disease that leads to target organ damage.
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IJCPR,Vol15,Issue11,Article16.pdf
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