A Review of Biochar Applications in the Non-Agro Sector

Biochar is the solid residue that is recovered after the thermal cracking of biomasses in an atmosphere of limited oxygen or oxygen-free atmosphere. Biochar has been used for many years as a soil amendment and in general, for soil applications. Nonetheless, biochar is far more than a mere soil amendment material. In this review, we delved into the burgeoning field of non-agro biochar utilization, encompassing catalyst production, energy storage, composite materials, and environmental remediation. We present a comprehensive overview of recent advancements in biochar-based material science, highlighting its transformation from a waste-derived product into a high-value carbon source with diverse and promising applications.