Published January 15, 2024 | Version v1
Dataset Open

Data from: The twenty amino acids are identified by unique numbers assigned to the uracil, cytosine, adenine, and guanine found in the three base positions of the sixty-four messenger RNA genetic codons

  • 1. Scientific Reports*
  • 2. Double J Energy *

Description

A codon's three bases consist of any combination of uracil, cytosine, adenine, or guanine and these encode the twenty amino acids. When the codon's first two bases are given specific values, and those values are multiplied, then the third base of the codon is used during translation only when the product is greater than three. Here we show that those values plus more variables within the ribosomal decoding site results in specific flow values for each of the twenty amino acid groups. These results are demonstrated in a flow chart showing the unidirectional flow which is expected during the translation process. All twenty amino acids can be represented by numbers that describe their relationship to each other and to the decoding site. We anticipate our findings will increase discussion about using a number system to better understand the translation process.

Methods

There are sixty-one codons that are read by the ribosome and these encode the twenty amino acids. Our dataset assigns numbers to each of the 61 codons.  These numbers are calculated by assigning numerical values to the uracil, guanine, adenine, and cytosine that comprise mRNA during translation. Values are also assigned to the site within the ribosome that reads these codons. Twenty values result and they break the sixty-one codons into their respective twenty protein classes. For example, there are six codons that encode for serine and the value chart shows all six have the same value of 9.1, which is unique to serine and not found representing any of the other nineteen amino acid groups. Flow charts are used to show these values calculated in a unidirectional flow as is expected during translation.

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Additional details

Related works

Is cited by
10.1115/imece2017-70005 (DOI)
Is source of
10.5281/zenodo.10449789 (DOI)