Everything We Need to Know about Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors/Creators
- 1. Department of Pediatrics, AVBRH, Sawangi, Wardha , Pin code 442001.
Contributors
- 1. Department of Pediatrics, AVBRH, Sawangi, Wardha , Pin code 442001.
- 2. Department of Pediatrics, AVBRH, Sawangi, Wardha , Pin code 442001
Description
Autism Spectrum Disorder(ASD) is a complex
neurodevelopmental condition characterized
by deficits in social interaction, communication
difficulties and repetitive behaviors that profoundly
impacts the lives of affected individuals and their
families .This article provides comprehensive
overview of ASD, focusing on screening,
diagnosis and intervention strategies.
Early signs of ASD can manifest as early as six
months, but parents may not recognize them
until their child falls behind in meeting social
milestones. This delay in recognition is often due
to a lack of awareness, societal stigma and limited
knowledge about developmental and behavioral
disorders.
Globally, ASD prevalence is on the rise,
potentially due to broader diagnostic criteria,
increased awareness and improved screening
practices. Screening for ASD is crucial for early
identification and intervention. Various tools
are available such as Modified Checklist for
Autism in Toddlers (M-CHAT), Trivandrum
Autism Behavioral Checklist (TABC)and the
Social Communication Questionnaire (SCQ)
.Diagnosing ASD involves using established
criteria such as the DSM-5(Diagnostic and
Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth
Edition) and specific diagnostic tools like the
Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule
(ADOS) and the Indian Scale for the Assessment
of Autism (ISAA).
Interventions for ASD should be
multidisciplinary, involving professionals such
as developmental pediatrician, psychologist,
special educators, occupational therapist, speech
therapist and social workers. Applied Behavior
Analysis(ABA),Naturalistic Developmental
Behavioral Interventions(NDBIs) and parent
mediated treatment are among the evidence based
approaches.
Additionally, speech-language therapy, motor
therapies and sensory integration therapy play
vital roles in addressing the diverse needs of
individuals with ASD. Medical interventions
should be used alongside behavioral and
environmental strategies.
Early screening accurate diagnosis and tailored
interventions are essential for improving the lives
of individuals with ASD.A multidisciplinary
approach and increased awareness are crucial
in addressing the growing prevalence of ASD
worldwide.
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Additional details
Dates
- Accepted
-
2023-12-29
References
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