Building Refurbishments from the Perspective of Economic Efficiency in the Selection of Materials, Based on the Method of Paired Comparison and Benefit Analysis

Abstract: When renovating buildings, it is essential to have detailed discussions with the investor at the beginning of the refurbishment process to enable sustainable and meaningful development. People often talk about energy-saving technologies in building refurbishments and their impact on the environment. Pairwise comparisons and utility analyses offer an excellent tool to influence the materials used, their properties, and availability, resulting in the reduction of emissions and negative impacts on the environment. Building physics calculations of insulatingmaterials are crucial in refurbishment projects, but it is equally important to present the various criteria to the investor. For instance, optimal insulation thickness with insulation value can be considered economical, leading to fewer transports or better technologies used during transport and processing that result in lower emissions. Recycling building material is another aspect that should be considered, and the weighting can be controlled with the investor. The investor can easily recognize which decision impacts the result and how negative influences on the environment can be minimized. This research report examines the mutual influences of ecological and economic aspects in the refurbishment of residential buildings. The method of pairwise comparison with the benefit analysis is recommended as it is related to problem detection and provides an evaluation of positive as well as negative preferences. A data analysis over an extended period is recommended to optimize future refurbishments, and a target/actual state must be documented. From this, three main characters can be developed. Firstly, conditions or urban planning regulations and directives, such as minimum standards for windows (wood) or insulating materials for facades or roofs, can exert control and influence. Secondly, focus on tax aspects such as subsidies or grants. Thirdly, advice for investors can provide a plausible and understandable explanation of the basis for the decision based on the requirements, provisions, and tax aspects.