IMMUNOLOGY PERSPECTIVE OF DENTISTRY- REVIEW

The early pulpal responses to caries involve a variety of cells and inflammatory mediators. Typically, innate immunity is not specific to antigens but relies on receptors to identify shared chemical patterns seen in germs. This recognition triggers the process of internalizing and eliminating bacteria through phagocytosis. For instance, mannose- and scavenger-receptors are well-established receptors for phagocytosis that are found on neutrophils and macrophages. The recent discovery and analysis of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in dental tissues represents a significant advancement in the progress of novel therapeutic approaches. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) play a crucial role in the restoration of tooth pulp and are vital for the effectiveness of regenerative endodontic treatments. It is crucial to comprehend that immune cells and cytokines have the ability to influence the functionality of stem cells, hence potentially affecting their capacity for healing. However, stem cells possess immunoprivileged properties and possess the capacity to regulate immunological and inflammatory reactions, hence offering potential for enhancing therapeutic outcomes.