RACISM AND RACIAL SEGREGATION AS MANIFESTATIONS OF POLITICAL AND IDEOLOGICAL EXTREMISM: THE EXAMPLE OF THE HISTORY OF THE USA IN THE SECOND HALF OF THE XIX-FIRST HALF OF THE XX CENTURY

In the article the authors examine in detail the causes and dynamics of segregationist policies towards the African-American population in the US South after the Civil War. Particular attention is paid to the normative consolidation of racial discrimination in the form of Jim Crow laws and "grandfather clauses", the law enforcement practice of the U.S. Supreme Court in cases related to racial segregation is considered, the role of the "deliverers" movement and radical groups like the Ku Klux Klan in the struggle against the expansion of civil rights of African Americans is analyzed. The study concludes that racial segregation in the United States was a unique example of radical institutionalization of extremist ideology and its embodiment in laws, judicial decisions and law enforcement practice at the national level.