Description of two new species of the genus Squalius Bonaparte, 1837 (Actinopterygii, Leuciscidae) in the Iberian Peninsula

Two new species, Squalius gaditanus sp. nov. and Squalius tartessicus sp. nov. are described on the basis of morphological and genetic traits. Squalius gaditanus is restricted to the Barbate, Jara and Miel drainages in the province of Cádiz (Southern Spain). Squalius gaditanus sp. nov. can be distinguished from other Squalius species from the Iberian Peninsula through a combination of morphometric, meristic and genetic characters: 36-40 (χ = 38) pored scales on the lateral line; 6-7 (χ = 6.7) scales above the lateral line; 2-3 (χ = 2.8) scales below the lateral line; vertebrae 37-39 (χ = 38); second infraorbital bone narrower than the third in adults; maxilla with reduced pointed anterior process; posterior process of the maxilla long and thin; lower branch of the pharyngeal bone short and robust; pharyngeal plate of basioccipital rounded and two autapomorphies in the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene. Squalius tartessicus sp. nov. inhabits the Almargem, Gilão, Odiel, Guadiana, Guadalquivir, Guadalete, Guadalhorce, Velez, Guadalfeo and Segura drainages in the southern part of the Iberian Peninsula. Squalius tartessicus sp. nov. can be differentiated from other Squalius species from the Iberian Peninsula through a set of morphometric, meristic and genetic traits: 37-41(χ = 38.8) pored scales on the lateral line; 6-7 (χ = 7) scales above the lateral line; 2-3 (χ = 2.9) scales below the lateral line; 37-39 (χ = 38) number of vertebrae; infraorbital bones unusually wide in adults; maxilla with discernable pointed anterior process; posterior process of the maxilla long and thin; lower branch of the pharyngeal bone short and robust; pharyngeal plate of basioccipital triangular in shape; posterior lamina of cleithrum expanding posteriorly.