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Published July 26, 2021 | Version v1
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Manejo da síndrome da veia cava superior

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Objetivo: Identificar propostas terapêuticas benéficas e comprovadamente eficazes para o manejo do paciente com Síndrome da Veia Cava Superior (SVCS) mediante análise da literatura vigente. Métodos: Utilizando a base de dados Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde e os Descritores em Ciências da Saúde foram selecionados 9 artigos para análise. Resultados: A obstrução da Veia Cava Superior (VCS) está envolvida com variações anatômicas e diversas etiologias. Tendo em vista o caráter multifatorial da doença, os tratamentos empregados são diversificados e, dentre eles, os stents endovasculares são, majoritariamente, a opção de tratamento mais segura para aliviar os sintomas agudos em pacientes com SVCS. Além disso, o uso adjunto de trombólise sistêmica adjunto da colocação de stent via venografia pode manejar obstruções na VCS causadas pela aplicação de marca-passo. Observou-se, ainda, que o reparo endovascular percutâneo da veia cava é seguro e eficaz nos pacientes com SVCS. Conclusão: Dentre as abordagens terapêuticas aventadas, destacam-se a terapia endovascular com o uso de stents, além das terapias comumente utilizadas, a exemplo de radioterapia, uso de esteróides e quimioterapia.

Abstract (English)

Objective: To identify beneficial and proven therapeutic approaches for managing patients with Superior Vena Cava Syndrome (SVCS) through analysis of current literature. Methods: Using the Virtual Health Library database and Health Sciences Descriptors, 9 articles were selected for analysis. Results: Superior Vena Cava (SVC) obstruction is associated with anatomical variations and various etiologies. Given the multifactorial nature of the disease, treatment approaches are diverse, with endovascular stents being predominantly the safest treatment option for relieving acute symptoms in SVCS patients. Additionally, adjunct systemic thrombolysis along with stent placement via venography can manage SVC obstructions caused by pacemaker application. Furthermore, percutaneous endovascular repair of the vena cava is safe and effective in SVCS patients. Conclusion: Among the therapeutic approaches considered, endovascular therapy with stent placement stands out, along with commonly used therapies such as radiotherapy, steroid use, and chemotherapy.

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Translated title (English)
Management of superior vena cava syndrome

References

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