Fig. 4 in Effects of ski piste preparation on alpine vegetation

Fig. 4. Differences in ecological groups between ski piste plots and corresponding control plots. (a) Mean differences in the proportion of plot covered by ecological groups for the four ski piste treatments (ns, ungraded pistes with natural snow; as, ungraded pistes with artificial snow; nsg, graded pistes with natural snow; asg, graded pistes with artificial snow). (b – e) The relationship between the differences in (b) percentage cover of snowbed species, (c) percentage cover of wind-edge species, (d) proportion of early flowering species and (e) proportion of late-flowering species and the time since conversion to artificial snow.