A Comprehensive Dataset of Surface Deformation Satellite Maps of The Valley of Toluca, Mexico

A dataset of 1121 ground deformation maps of the Toluca Valley (VT) in Mexico is presented. The given deformation maps cover the VT ground evolution over eight years, from October 2014 to December 2022.

The VT is located within the State of Mexico between the coordinates of 19°03' to 19°35' north latitude and 99°19' to 99°54' west latitude. The highest altitude point of the VT is the volcano "Nevado de Toluca or Xinantécatl" which is 4,340 meters above sea level. In comparison, the rest of the valley has an average elevation of 2640 meters above sea level.  The soil of the VT is mainly composed of Andosols, Feozems, Vertisols, Luvisols, and Cambisols.

For generating the deformation maps, 240 radar images obtained by the Sentinel 1-A and Sentinel 1-B satellites were used. From these 240 radar images, 2169 pairs of images were formed with a temporal difference of 1, 3, 6, and 12 months. The Differential Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar technique was applied to these pairs using SNAP software, resulting in 2169 deformation maps in BEAM-DIMAP format. However, due to limited storage space, only 1121 maps with a coherence greater than 0.299 are presented. Complimentary, a CSV file with the deformation map statistics is also provided.