A near infrared spectroscopy dataset of coal and coal-measure rock under diverse conditions

we selected 24 representative coal and coal-measure rock samples, created sub-samples with 11 different granularity for each sample, and collected spectral data from the sub-samples under 5 different detection azimuths, 18 different detection zeniths, and 8 different light source zeniths. Our near infrared spectroscopy dataset of coal and coal-measure rock will provide valuable data support for coal and coal-measure rock identification based on near-field spectroscopy.