THE ROLE OF DIRECTNESS LEVEL AND SOCIAL FACTORS IN THE REALIZATION OF COMPLAINING SPEECH ACT: A CROSS-CULTURAL STUDY

This paper presents a cross-cultural study investigating the role of directness level and social factors in the realization of the complaining speech act. Complaining is a common communicative behavior used to express dissatisfaction or negative emotions. The degree of directness and the influence of cultural and social factors on the expression of complaints vary across cultures. This study aims to examine the interplay between directness level, cultural backgrounds, and social factors in the complaining speech act.