A RECENT UPDATES IN TOPICAL APPLICATIONS OF ANTIFUNGAL AGENTS: A REFERENCE TO LIPID- BASED FORMULATIONS

Clinically available antifungals have a restricted range of efficacy, substantial toxicity, and emerging resistance. Because fungi and the humans who host them are both eukaryotic, it has been difficult to identify precise targets for antifungals. Novel antifungals include first-in-class compounds, new structures for a known target, formulation changes to antifungals already on the market, and repurposed medications. The authorized antifungal drugs, and 39; mechanisms of action, pharmacological profiles, and susceptibility to certain fungi were assessed. The field is paying more and more attention to membrane-interacting peptides and aromatherapy. Antifungal antibodies are making progress in clinical studies, making immunotherapy another intriguing therapeutic approach. New antifungal therapeutic targets are also being found, enabling the development of innovative, potentially effective drugs that could solve the resistance problem. Due to their unique structural and functional characteristics, advanced topical carriers get beyond biopharmaceutical issues with traditional drug delivery vehicles, such as poor retention and low bioavailability.

Topical nanocarriers containing anti-fungal pills have improved healing responses with little toxicity, in line with literature evidence. Topical antifungal medications are frequently delivered via nanocarriers such as solid- lipid nanoparticles, microemulsions, liposomes, niosomes, microsponges, nano gel, nanoemulsions, micelles, and so on. This review offers an overview of modern-day tendencies in new topical providers used to enhance the therapeutic efficacy of antifungal medicines.

Keywords: antifungal, strong-lipid nanoparticles, microemulsions, liposomes, niosomes, microsponge, nanogel, nanoemulsions, micelles, and many others.