Published June 26, 2023
| Version v1
Journal article
Open
Lead Toxicity in Children: Health Effects, Policies and Recommendations
Authors/Creators
- 1. 1Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Bhabha College of Dental Sciences, Bhopal
- 2. All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Bhopal,
Description
Lead is a dangerous element that exists naturally in the Earth's crust. Any kind of lead causes a
detrimental response in the human body. It is discharged into the environment during the manufacturing
of batteries, foundries, ammunition, lead paint, water pipes, and other manufactured goods. It can enter
the body through a variety of pathways, including those in the air, water, soil, food, and dust. Concern is
raised since there is no amount of lead that is safe for the human body. The problem persists despite
several prevention measures that the state and the federal governments have put in place. This review
assesses the effects of lead exposure on children as well as suggested solutions to the issue.
Files
9.pdf
Files
(491.5 kB)
| Name | Size | Download all |
|---|---|---|
|
md5:82434b2d6b74f867e95dae4ff4672be5
|
491.5 kB | Preview Download |
Additional details
References
- 1. Lead poisoning. World Health Organization. Retrieved online on September 21, 2022 from https://www.who.int /news-room/fact-sheets/ detail/ lead-poisoning-andhealth#:~: text =Lead%20is%20a% 20naturally% 20occurring,many% 20parts%20of% 20 the%20world. 2. Tiwari A. Neurodevelopmental and behavioral manifestations of lead toxicity in children. Intern J Health Sciences. 2022;6(S2):1562–1580. https://doi. org/10.53730/ijhs.v6nS2.5142 3. Dr. Herbert L. Needleman. HISTORY OF LEAD POISONING IN THE WORLD. Retrieved, 1999; online fromhttp://www.biologicaldiversity. org/ campaigns/get_the_lead_out/pdfs/health/Needleman_1 999.pdf 4. Center for disease control and prevention (2015. May 29). Lead Sources. Retrieved online from https://www. cdc.gov/nceh/lead/tips/sources.htm 5. Chettya CS, Vemurib MC, Reddyc GR, Sureshd C. Protective effect of 17-β-estradiol in human neurocellular models of lead exposure. Retrieved online f r o m 2 0 0 7 . h t t p : / / w w w. s c i e n c e d i r e c t . c o m /science/article/pii/S0161813X06000817 Poison Control. National Capital Poison Center (2012-2017). Unusual Sources of Lead Poisoning. Retrieved Online from http://www.poison.org/articles/2011-dec/unusualsources- of-lead-poisoning 6. Lanphear, et al. Research Children's Health. Low-Level Environmental Lead Exposure and Children's Intellectual Function: An International Pooled Analysis, 2005. Retrieved online from https://dash.harvard. edu/bitstream/handle/1/8000911/1257652.pdf?sequenc e=1 7. Gomaa et al. Maternal bone lead as an independent risk factor for fetal neurotoxicity: a prospective study, 2002. Retrieved online from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih. gov/pubmed/12093955 8. Marc Edwards. Environmental Science and Technology. Fetal Death and low Birth Weight associated with lead contaminated drinking water, 2013. Retrieved online from http://pubs.acs.org.proxy.cc.uic. edu/doi /abs/10.1021/es4034952 9. Ipsita Mazumdar and K. Goswami (2014, April 29). Congenital Lead Poisoning: An Unusual Presentation. Retrieved online from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ pmc/articles/PMC3990800/ 10. Guidelines and Recommendations. Centers for Disease control and prevention, October 27, 2021. Retrieved online from https://www.cdc.gov/nceh/lead/resources/ uidelines.html 11. National Center for healthy housing. Retrieved online on September 21, 2022 from https://nchh.org/ information-and-evidence/healthy-housing-policy/10- policies/ 12. Tiwari A, Kumar A, Jain S, et al. (N/A) Implications of ChatGPT in Public Health Dentistry: A Systematic Review. Cureus. doi:10.7759/cureus.