THE CCW REVIEW PROCESS WITHIN ARMS-PRODUCERS AND NON-PRODUCERS

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is already transforming industries and has received significant investments from arms-producing economies. This raises serious ethical questions about the military use of artificial intelligence, particularly concerning deploying autonomous lethal weapons systems that operate without human control. Furthermore, ethical concerns surround the ancillary use of AI in military missions, such as target selection and reconnaissance through image analysis.

Another critical issue arises from the power asymmetry between arms-producing countries with advanced industries and non-arms-producing countries, particularly those in the Global South. The military utilisation of artificial intelligence reinforces systemic inequalities between developed and developing nations. These demands discussing establishing multilateral mechanisms to regulate the AI arms race among significant powers seeking dominance in disruptive technologies within the military sector. Conversely, countries in the Global South, leveraging their collective economic weight, can advocate for rules and norms in multilateral institutions that address the ancillary use of AI in military missions and prohibit the deployment of AI-powered lethal weapons.

The connection between different realities and positions in the international defence system can leverage the capacity to promote agreement development and commitment. This would help reduce power asymmetry and create a more peaceful global scenario.