Prospects for the development of communication and transport systems in Uzbekistan

The article analyzes the fact that the creation of society, which is the fruit of social relations, saved people from primitive times, and that the creation of society played an important role in the strengthening of the position of communication in people's lifestyle, the emergence of the need for transportation and its further development.

Key words: society, need, road, transport, communication.

 INTRODUCTION

Phrases and concepts used in scientific communication, the media, and everyday life in general vary in scope. Some words have a narrow meaning, while others are used in a very broad sense[1]. The concept of social relations is a very broad concept. Social relations are a complex system created and formed as a result of conscious human activity, in which relationships are established in all spheres and directions[2]. An integral part of these relations is the transport and communication system. All areas and directions in social relations are mutually determined and have always required each other. In scientific language, "the paradigm of the mutual exchange of social relations is an integral system."

DISCUSSION AND RESULTS

The emergence of society, which is the fruit of social relations, saved people from primitive times. The emergence of society, the importance of communication in the way of life of people, the emergence of the need for transport and its further development have become important[3]. The community of people who learned to live first as a family, then as a clan and a tribe, was no longer satisfied, as before, with living in a narrow territory. Now they are looking for a comfortable place to live in the environment. To do this, they studied and mastered the surrounding large territories. For this, new roads and paths were opened. Finding a suitable place, they settled here. In the course of time, cities appeared on the site of these settlements. From this we can conclude that ancient cities were built on land acceptable in all respects, including in areas where communication issues were resolved[4]. The prospects for cities built in such a convenient location were also high. According to the ancient Greek scholar Plato, a real city is “... a city in which conditions have been created for the implementation of praiseworthy customs and mores of people, where it is located and where natural conditions are favorable, i.e., you can bring food and other necessary things for residents.” We can say without hesitation that this opinion of the great Greek scientist has a direct bearing on communication. Because it was possible to bring food and other things necessary for the population, the phrase is used. What do you need to take the essentials?

Of course there must be ways. The more roads connect the city with other regions and the city is located on an inter-regional road, the more the city will develop. Then, as Plato said, such cities will be able to bring everything necessary for life and development. In such cities there is no shortage of basic necessities. Because the necessary products are brought from any region. It is not difficult to prove this. Simply, if we look at the geographical position of cities known in history and still existing, with a history of several thousand years, and their place in a series of domestic and international roads, then everything becomes clear. Because all famous and famous cities are located in a convenient geographical area and at the intersection of transit roads. For example, we see that our cities such as Samarkand, Bukhara, Tashkent, Termez are located at the same important crossroads. First, these cities are located in the center of the area's local internal roads. Secondly, branches of the “Great Silk Road” passed through these cities[5], which is the longest caravan route in the history of mankind, connecting East and West. In turn, these factors allowed cities to flourish. It is safe to say that these factors also played a decisive role in the formation of cities that became major industrial and cultural centers in other countries. Therefore, the abundance of roads and the availability of an acceptable communication system are as necessary for cities as water and air[6].

This centuries-old historical fact in the development of human society has not lost its significance even today. Even now, in the modern world, the issues of roads and communications retain their priority. If we look at the political map of the world, then this opinion will be confirmed. It is known that at present there are more than 230 countries in the world. The area, population and level of development of these countries are different. For example: USA, China, Russia, France, UK, Germany, Japan, Spain, Italy, South Korea, Singapore, Malaysia, Saudi Arabia, UAE, Kuwait, etc. Countries such as Latvia, Lithuania, Estonia which have been created on the site of the former union. In all these countries, road and communication issues have been completely resolved. That is, these countries have direct access to the sea. And we can say that the availability of such an opportunity has become one of the decisive factors in achieving the current position of these countries. At the moment, the leading countries of the world, which have great opportunities, are also competing in opening additional roads and communication corridors[7]. After all, the opening of new transport corridors leads to an increase in economic potential and an expansion of the sphere of political influence. This struggle reinforces in Europe, the Caucasus and the Asian region. Undoubtedly, the opening of new transport corridors to a greater or lesser extent will affect the socio-economic development of the developing countries of the region. Naturally, this effect will be more positive. Thanks to this, road construction and traffic congestion create favorable conditions for the development of roadside areas[8]. Therefore, developing countries also prefer to participate in projects to create new transport corridors. One such project is called "One Place, One Road" promoted by China.

To date, two international forums have been held as part of the One Place, One Road project: the first was held in 2017; the second one took place in 2019. Both forums were held at a high level, many topical issues of international cooperation were discussed. This project is of great importance for the Central Asian republics, especially for Uzbekistan[9]. Because the project "One place, one road" opens the doors of wide opportunities for Uzbekistan to enter the world market, and for this, opening up new ways of communication. Understanding this correctly, Uzbekistan from the first days approved the One Place, One Road project and became an active participant in it. The construction of local and international transport roads is underway at an accelerated pace, which should be implemented on the scale of the project. In 2016, the launch of the Angren-Pop electrified railway connecting the Ferghana Valley was a big step towards this noble goal. With the construction of this road, the distance to China will be reduced to 270 kilometers. The main task now is the construction of the China-Kyrgyzstan-Uzbekistan railway. There is no doubt that the launch of this railway line in the future will open doors of great opportunities for the economy of our country. These opportunities are determined by the following factors: firstly, Uzbekistan will have direct access to China through this railway, and through China to the countries of the Middle and Far East; secondly, the time of cross-carriage between these areas will be reduced by 5-6 days; thirdly, an international road connecting East and West passes through the territory of Uzbekistan. As a result, the funds received from transit cargo are used to further replenish the budget.

However, these are plans for the future. Some preparatory work is required for the construction of this railway. On the hauls through which the railway passes, it is planned to build tunnels, bridges, connect power lines, build railway stations and other works. First of all, there is a process of solving the problems of finding funds and investing for the implementation of this project. To this end, the parties of China, Kyrgyzstan and Uzbekistan, in consultation with each other, agree to carry out work on the construction of a road, which is expected to become another important bridge connecting East and West. After all, such large projects are implemented only in cooperation, and only then the expected result will be achieved[10].

The next important task that needs to be solved in the development of the communication system is the issue of opening the western, southwestern and southern transport corridors. It is planned to establish regular transport links on the roads in the following areas:

- western and southwestern routes connecting Turkmenistan with the Caspian Sea, and from there with the Caucasus, Iran, Turkey and European countries;

- Southern route through Afghanistan to Iranian seaports;

- The South Trans-Afghan transport route will be connected to Pakistani seaports through the territory of Afghanistan.

All these areas of international importance, which are planned to be launched, are of incomparable importance in the improvement and modernization of public relations. Therefore, one of the main conditions for their implementation is the practical establishment of international cooperation. If states fully fulfill their obligations and cooperate with partners, the process of launching the planned transport corridors will accelerate. It should be noted that Uzbekistan is doing a commendable job. Firstly, roads and railways in our country are built and repaired according to world standards. The points of entry into the territory of Turkmenistan and Afghanistan are connected by roads and railways[11]. He even took an active part in the construction of roads in neighboring countries. In particular, the Uzbek road workers built a 75-kilometer railway line, 5 stations and 34 artificial structures within this branch, not far from Termez, from the Hairaton bridge across the Amu Darya to the Afghan city of Mazar-i-Sharif. This railway line is the first stage of the future Trans-Afghan transport route.

CONCLUSION

The creation of interregional transport corridors and a system of interstate communications is not an easy task. Of course, it requires consistency, great perseverance, diligence and foresight. If understood in this sense, as in many other areas, ballistic changes in the field of roads and communications are, first of all, the merit of our nation and people. We believe that our country has reached the modern level of development thanks to the high qualities of our national mentality, such as patience, restraint, fortitude, nobility and forgiveness. In particular, the desire to develop a road communication system was already in the spirit of our ancestors. Our ancestors from time immemorial paid great attention to the construction of roads. They built a caravanserai not only for the roads themselves, but also for the convenience of passengers along the roads. We often read from historical sources that there were special professions such as caravaneers and guides who led caravans and accompanied passengers. Caravans departing from our homeland went to regions thousands of kilometers away. In Central Asia, “According to archaeological data, cf. Since the 2nd millennium, the local settler-peasant population has established historical and cultural ties with the regions of India, Pakistan, Afghanistan and Iran. We will not be mistaken if we say that today's efforts to create a modern road communication system connecting our country with the countries of the world are aimed at restoring this ancient historical truth.

REFERENCES

1. Salimov Bakhriddin Lutfullaevich, Israilov Lazizbek Sunnatulloevich, and Jolgoshov Jaloliddin Jasurbekovich. 2023. The Great Silk Road Is a Regular Transport and Communication System in Human History. Web of Semantic: Universal Journal on Innovative Education. Volume 2 Issue 2, (2023),  194-197.
2. Salimov Bakhriddin Lutfullaevich. The Importance of Sea Transport in the Communication System. WEB OF SYNERGY: International Interdisciplinary Research Journal. 2023. Volume 2 Issue 1, 272-275. 
3. Salimov Bakhriddin Lutfullaevich, Bozorov Zufarboy Azamatovich, Eraliev Nurlan Dzhanibekovich. The Role of Civil Aviation in the Social Development of Countries. WEB OF SYNERGY: International Interdisciplinary Research Journal. Volume 2 Issue 2, (2023), 347-350.
4. Salimov Bakhriddin Lutfullaevich, Allamurodov Kamoliddin Bakhtiyorovich, Toshkhojaev Khalilkhoja Khakimkhojaevich. Prospects of Development of Communication and Transport System in Uzbekistan. WEB OF SYNERGY: International Interdisciplinary Research Journal. Volume 2 Issue 2, (2023), 342-346.
5. Salimov Bakhriddin Lutfullaevich, Odilov Nurbek Omonjon o’g’li, and Odilov Shuhrat Khusniddinovich.  The Social Importance of Roads and the Great Creative Works Being Carried Out in the Field of Road Construction in Uzbekistan. Web of Semantic: Universal Journal on Innovative Education Volume 2 Issue 2, (2023), 205-208.
6. Salimov Bakhriddin Lutfullaevich, Mehmanov Zikrillo Mirzokhidovich, and Sobirov Ogabek Navro’zbekovich.  The Role of the Category of Chance in the Analysis of Social Life. Web of Semantic: Universal Journal on Innovative Education. Volume 2 Issue 2, (2023), 246-249.
7. Salimov Bakhriddin Lutfullaevich, Akromkulov Azim Sheralievich, and Zayniddinov Diorbek Zafarovich.  Reforms in the Fields of Communication and Transport and Their Social Impact. Web of Semantic: Universal Journal on Innovative Education. Volume 2 Issue 2, (2023), 227-230.   
8. Salimov Bakhriddin Lutfullaevich, Ergashev Zakhriddin Muradkabilovich, and Saidov Abukarim Abdurahimovich.  The Influence of the Transport and Communication System on Social Relations. Web of Semantic: Universal Journal on Innovative Education. Volume 2 Issue 2, (2023), 209-212.

[1] Salimov Bakhriddin Lutfullaevich, Israilov Lazizbek Sunnatulloevich, and Jolgoshov Jaloliddin Jasurbekovich. 2023. The Great Silk Road Is a Regular Transport and Communication System in Human History. Web of Semantic: Universal Journal on Innovative Education. Volume 2 Issue 2, (2023),  194-197.

[2] Salimov Bakhriddin Lutfullaevich. The Importance of Sea Transport in the Communication System. WEB OF SYNERGY: International Interdisciplinary Research Journal. 2023. Volume 2 Issue 1, 272-275.    

[3] Salimov Bakhriddin Lutfullaevich, Akromkulov Azim Sheralievich, and Zayniddinov Diorbek Zafarovich.  Reforms in the Fields of Communication and Transport and Their Social Impact. Web of Semantic: Universal Journal on Innovative Education. Volume 2 Issue 2, (2023), 227-230. 

Salimov Bakhriddin Lutfullaevich, Akromkulov Azim Sheralievich, and Zayniddinov Diorbek Zafarovich.  Reforms in the Fields of Communication and Transport and Their Social Impact. Web of Semantic: Universal Journal on Innovative Education. Volume 2 Issue 2, (2023), 227-230.  Salimov Bakhriddin Lutfullaevich, Akromkulov Azim Sheralievich, and Zayniddinov Diorbek Zafarovich.  Reforms in the Fields of Communication and Transport and Their Social Impact. Web of Semantic: Universal Journal on Innovative Education. Volume 2 Issue 2, (2023), 227-230. 

[4] Salimov Bakhriddin Lutfullaevich, Ergashev Zakhriddin Muradkabilovich, and Saidov Abukarim Abdurahimovich.  The Influence of the Transport and Communication System on Social Relations. Web of Semantic: Universal Journal on Innovative Education. Volume 2 Issue 2, (2023), 209-212.

[5] Salimov Bakhriddin Lutfullaevich, Israilov Lazizbek Sunnatulloevich, and Jolgoshov Jaloliddin Jasurbekovich. 2023. The Great Silk Road Is a Regular Transport and Communication System in Human History. Web of Semantic: Universal Journal on Innovative Education. Volume 2 Issue 2, (2023),  194-197.

[6] Salimov Bakhriddin Lutfullaevich, Mehmanov Zikrillo Mirzokhidovich, and Sobirov Ogabek Navro’zbekovich.  The Role of the Category of Chance in the Analysis of Social Life. Web of Semantic: Universal Journal on Innovative Education. Volume 2 Issue 2, (2023), 246-249.

[7] Salimov Bakhriddin Lutfullaevich, Allamurodov Kamoliddin Bakhtiyorovich, Toshkhojaev Khalilkhoja Khakimkhojaevich. Prospects of Development of Communication and Transport System in Uzbekistan. WEB OF SYNERGY: International Interdisciplinary Research Journal. Volume 2 Issue 2, (2023), 342-346.

[8] Salimov Bakhriddin Lutfullaevich, Odilov Nurbek Omonjon o’g’li, and Odilov Shuhrat Khusniddinovich.  The Social Importance of Roads and the Great Creative Works Being Carried Out in the Field of Road Construction in Uzbekistan. Web of Semantic: Universal Journal on Innovative Education Volume 2 Issue 2, (2023), 205-208.

[9] Salimov Bakhriddin Lutfullaevich, Bozorov Zufarboy Azamatovich, Eraliev Nurlan Dzhanibekovich. The Role of Civil Aviation in the Social Development of Countries. WEB OF SYNERGY: International Interdisciplinary Research Journal. Volume 2 Issue 2, (2023), 347-350.    

[10] Salimov Bakhriddin Lutfullaevich. The Importance of Sea Transport in the Communication System. WEB OF SYNERGY: International Interdisciplinary Research Journal. 2023. Volume 2 Issue 1, 272-275. 

[11] Salimov Bakhriddin Lutfullaevich, Israilov Lazizbek Sunnatulloevich, and Jolgoshov Jaloliddin Jasurbekovich. 2023. The Great Silk Road Is a Regular Transport and Communication System in Human History. Web of Semantic: Universal Journal on Innovative Education. Volume 2 Issue 2, (2023),  194-197.