NEWER THERAPEUTIC APPROACHES IN DIABETES-MELLITUS

Diabetes mellitus is a heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by hyperglycaemia due to an absolute or relative deficit in insulin production or action. There are mainly two types of diabetes mellitus, Type 1 diabetes mellitus (insulin dependent diabetes mellitus -IDDM), Type 2 diabetes mellitus (non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus). Controlling blood sugar through diet, oral medication for insulin is the main treatment. Regular screening for complications is also required. Oral hypogylcemic drugs are used for the treatment of diabetes mellitus and insulin is also used for its treatment in case of high glucose level. Nano formulations not only improve solubility of the drug but also provide several other benefits such as reduced dose, rapid onset of action, sustained drug release, fewer side effects, targeted drug delivery, enhanced half-life of the drug, reduced patient variability along with improved bioavailability and may thus overcome many of the limitations of the current anti-diabetics. Here in this review, we summarise diabetes mellitus and newer therapeutic approach in diabetes mellitus.

Keyword: Diabetes mellitus, Insulin,