ASSESSMENT OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ANXIETY, DEPRESSION WITH THE PERIODONTAL STATUS IN PREGNANT INDIAN WOMEN - A CROSS SECTIONAL STUDY
Authors/Creators
- 1. Bachelor of Dental Surgery, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamilnadu
- 2. Senior Lecturer, Department of Periodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamilnadu
Description
Background: Pregnancy results in hormonal fluctuations in the body with a dramatic increase in oestrogen and progesterone levels. These hormones have a bearing on the periodontium due to the presence of its receptors. Adverse pregnancy outcomes such as low birth weight babies, prematurity and pre-eclampsia have been established in periodontitis patients. The development of periodontal disease in pregnant women can be influenced by various factors such as sociodemographic background, altered immune response etc. There is a lacunae in the data with respect to the influence of stress and anxiety on the periodontium during pregnancy. Identification of these risk factors for periodontitis during pregnancy can help guide early treatment and prevention of adverse pregnancy.
Aim: The aim of this study is to assess the relationship between anxiety and depression with the periodontal status in pregnant women.
Materials and Methods: The Study population consisted of 67 pregnant women. The assessment of patient’s periodontal status was done byPlaque index (Silness and Loe), Gingival index (Loe and Silness), Probing pocket depth(mm) and Clinical attachment loss (mm).Assessment of depression was done by Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) which were distributed these women.Assessment of anxiety was done by Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI). The data obtained was statistically analysed by Pearson correlation to determine the correlation between stress and periodontal parameters in pregnant women.
Results: There was a statistically positive correlation between the depression and anxiety scores with the periodontal parameters. The results showed high statistical significance. (p value = 0.000)
Conclusion: This study marks the first step in associating the cumulative effects of depression and anxiety on the periodontal parameters in pregnant Indian women. It paves the way for a holistic treatment approach in pregnancy where the periodontal parameters have to be monitored along with the psychological status of the patient for a healthy mother and child.
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References
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