Development of the Renewable Energy-Based Distributed Generation Electricity System at Politeknik Negeri Lhokseumawe

Abstract – Solar power plants (PLTS) are a type of renewable energy-based distributed generation electricity system. A distributed generation-based electricity system is a decentralized electricity system that places power plants in each city or in areas with power shortages, as well as possibly in load centers. The generator can be used as an energy supplier during normal loads, peak loads, or as backup power in the event of a disturbance to ensure system reliability. The goal of this research is to convert solar energy into electrical energy in order to meet the electrical energy needs of the Politeknik Negeri Lhokseumawe environment and to demonstrate the existence of energy efficiency in the 20 kV electrical system. The design of a 1 MW solar power plant begins with selecting a building with a wide and high roof so that sunlight is not obstructed, the angle of inclination for the placement of solar panels following the slope of the building's roof, a circuit system between solar panels and batteries, the number of solar panels and batteries required, inverter power capacity, battery control system, and the transformer capacity to be used. The design results for the capacity for generating electrical energy are incorporated into the 20 kV Aceh distribution network, transforming it into an interconnection system based on distributed generation. The power flow of a distributed generation electric power system is analyzed using the Newton-Rhapson method to determine power losses and voltage drop. According to the study's findings, the design of a solar power plant in the Politeknik Negeri Lhokseumawe Area produced an effective power of 1.3 MW with electrical energy during the planned operating hours of 24 hours to serve the load continuously without disconnection. According to the findings of this study, the components required to generate 1 MW of power are 64132 60 WP solar panels with a land area of 25655 m2, 12800 200Ah batteries, 75 5 kVA inverters, and 51 transformers 20 kV 25 kVA. Power losses at the Bayu Substation - PNL Genset House were reduced by 0.605 kVA or 72% after optimization with the addition of a 20 kV distributed generation electrical system in the Lhokseumawe State Polytechnic environment at 80% penetration. At 80% penetration, the smallest voltage drop on the Bayu Substation - PNL Genset House is 0.078% or 0.02 kV. This indicates that the voltage drop at the Bayu Substation - PNL Genset House has been reduced by 0.135%.