Consistent ground surface temperature records for the CMA stations over China for 1952–2021 via numerical simulation

The ground surface represents the land-atmosphere interface and plays a crucial role in exchanging energy, matter, and biochemical fluxes. The ground surface temperature (T_s) is hence widely investigated as an indicator to understand the thermal state of soil in a warming world. However, regular and continuous T_s measurements are rare worldwide, and the early T_s records were derived from snow surface measurements and are not comparable with the measurements of the modern automatic systems. In this dataset, we reconstructed the T_s records of the China Meteorological Administration (CMA) for 1952–2021 by numerical simulation.