Antibody responses to BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine: Infection-naïve individuals with abdominal obesity warrant attention
- Alexis Elias Malavazos1
- Sara Basilico1
- Gianluca Iacobellis2
- Valentina Milani3
- Rosanna Cardani4
- Carola Dubini1
- Gloria Capitanio1
- Laura Valentina Renna4
- Sara Boveri3
- Teresa Cuppone3
- Aurelia D'acquisto3
- Luca Carpinelli3
- Marta Sacchi5
- Lelio Morricone1
- Francesco Secchi6
- Elena Costa5
- Lorenzo Menicanti3
- Enzo Nisoli7
- Michele Carruba7
- Federico Ambrogi8
- Massimiliano Marco Corsi Romanelli9
- 1. Endocrinology Unit, Clinical Nutrition and Cardiovascular Prevention Service, IRCCS San Donato Polyclinic, San Donato Milanese, Milan, Italy.
- 2. Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Florida, USA.
- 3. Scientific Directorate, IRCCS San Donato Polyclinic, San Donato Milanese, Milan, Italy.
- 4. Biobank BioCor, Service of Laboratory Medicine1-Clinical Pathology, IRCCS San Donato Polyclinic, San Donato Milanese, Milan, Italy.
- 5. Service of Laboratory Medicine, IRCCS San Donato Polyclinic, San Donato Milanese, Milan, Italy.
- 6. Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
- 7. Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Centre for Study and Research on Obesity, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
- 8. Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
- 9. Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
Description
Malavazos AE, Basilico S, Iacobellis G, Milani V, Cardani R, Boniardi F, Dubini C, Prandoni I, Capitanio G, Renna LV, Boveri S, Rigolini R, Carrara M, Spuria G, Cuppone T, D'acquisto A, Carpinelli L, Sacchi M, Morricone L, Secchi F, Costa E, Menicanti L, Nisoli E, Carruba M, Ambrogi F, Corsi Romanelli MM. Antibody responses to BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine: Infection-naïve individuals with abdominal obesity warrant attention. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2022 Mar;30(3):606-613. doi: 10.1002/oby.23353. Epub 2022 Feb 11. PMID: 34850576.
Abstract
Objective: The excess of visceral adipose tissue might hinder and delay immune response. How people with abdominal obesity (AO) will respond to mRNA vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 is yet to be established. SARS-CoV-2-specific antibody responses were evaluated after the first and second dose of the BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine, comparing the response of individuals with AO with the response of those without, and discerning between individuals with or without prior infection.
Methods: Immunoglobulin G (IgG)-neutralizing antibodies against the Trimeric complex (IgG-TrimericS) were measured at four time points: at baseline, at day 21 after vaccine dose 1, and at 1 and 3 months after dose 2. Nucleocapsid antibodies were assessed to detect prior SARS-CoV-2 infection. Waist circumference was measured to determine AO.
Results: Between the first and third month after vaccine dose 2, the drop in IgG-TrimericS levels was more remarkable in individuals with AO compared with those without AO (2.44-fold [95% CI: 2.22-2.63] vs. 1.82-fold [95% CI: 1.69-1.92], respectively, p < 0.001). Multivariable linear regression confirmed this result after inclusion of assessed confounders (p < 0.001).
Conclusions: The waning antibody levels in individuals with AO may further support recent recommendations to offer booster vaccines to adults with high-risk medical conditions, including obesity, and particularly to those with a more prevalent AO phenotype.
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