The level of social security in Vietnam

In Vietnam, the population has increased, with a significant decrease in the proportion of the under-15 age group and an increase in the proportion of the 15-64 age group. The age group of 65+ years remained more or less constant. The number of houses grew, with 10 million new homes built between 1999 and 2020. The ratio of men to one hundred women gradually balanced. Wage-only and total income increased, wage income by almost 2 million VND per month on average. Total income increased by more than 2 million VND per month on average. The absolute number of people living in poverty decreased, as did the general poverty rate; it fell to almost half its value. The regions have also succeeded in reducing the general poverty rate, but the exception is the Region of South-East, in which the general poverty rate has increased over the period 2011 to 2018. Unemployment grew at a general rate of around 1.1 percentage points. However, in terms of unemployed people, it stabilized at about 1.1 million unemployed citizens per year from 2017 to 2020. The highest unemployment is in the Mekong Delta and the Southeast Region. On average, up to 8 % of jobs were created through the Active Employment Policy through the Employment Fund each year, but a declining trend was noted. The total number of people receiving unemployment benefits grew from 291,302 in 2011 to 763,573 in 2018. The theoretical share of vacancies per person receiving unemployment benefits decreased from 5 vacancies in 2011 to only two jobs in 2018. On average, 2.48 % of the population received immediate assistance each year. As many as 7 % of children in Vietnam needed specific protection from 2011 to 2018. The number of rehabilitation centers decreased from 123 to 105. On average, 29,612 inhabitants must undertake rehabilitation and/or detoxification in the rehabilitation centers per year. The growing trend of the number of social security offices per 10 million inhabitants was noted, up to 43 social security offices per 10 million inhabitants by the end of the monitored period. The total calculated ratio of population to government expenditures on social security was on average 326,290 VND per year, increasing from 236,450 VND in 2011 to 344,048 VND in 2018 noted. In the future, it will be appropriate to examine selected indicators in terms of the COVID-19 pandemic and find out how the pandemic situation affected the social security system of Vietnam.