HISTOLOGICAL AND ANATOMICAL STUDY OF CONCEPTION FAILURE IN EWES

The current study aimed to diagnose the most important causes of fertilization failure in ewes from the histological and macroscopic point of view of the female reproductive system in ewes. The study included 40 sheep, their ages ranged between (1-5) years, from different areas of the outskirts of Tikrit, and the period lasted from March/2022 to September/2022. Where the study included (30) ewes who had failed fertilization (repeated estrus return more than three times, and pregnancy was not recorded in these ewes during the current reproductive season), as the animals were slaughtered and the female reproductive system was examined for all ewes that were suffering from recurrence in The estrus of more than three times and the lack of fertilization, as samples were taken from the endometrial wall for histological study.

     The study observed when examining the gross lesions of the reproductive system of the study animals, it showed ovarian adhesions 50%, disappearance of one of the ovaries 6.6%, oviduct cysts 3.3%, hydrops of the oviducts 13.3%, pyometra 16.6%, uterine inflammation 63.3%, and hydrops of the uterus 10%. As the results of the histological sections of the current study of womb samples of ewes that were suffering from fertilization failure and frequent estrus showed the presence of infections in the endometrium, which is characterized by the infiltration of inflammatory cells with a disintegration of the connective tissue of the uterus, in addition to the presence of macrophages in large quantities within the blood vessels of the uterine wall, shedding and loss of the layer of columnar epithelial cells of the endometrium, infiltration of large numbers of white blood cells in the main page, around and inside the blood vessels, with numerous blood clots within the vessels and their filling with white blood cells, infiltration of white blood cells in the dense fibrous connective tissue, sheddings in epithelial cells and disintegration of fibrous tissue Connective and endometrial degeneration. We conclude from the study that among the most important and most common causes of estrus recurrence and pregnancy failure in ewes are malformations in the female reproductive system and uterine infections.